interleukin-1β (il-1β), the prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokine, is produced by macrophages following exposure to bacterial products. its role is to act upon several cell types at the site of infection to stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory molecules that will cause increase in vascular permeability. therefore, il-1β regulates the initiation and development of acute inflammation tha...

The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae is not only a causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia but is also associated with a more serious chronic disease, asthma, which might be exacerbated by air pollution containing carbon nanoparticles. Although a detailed mechanism of exacerbation remains unknown, the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a critical pla...

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) induces prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production via upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in synovial fibroblasts. This effect of IL-1β is involved in osteoarthritis. We investigated MAPK signaling pathways in IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression in feline synovial fibroblasts. In the presence of MAPK inhibitors, IL-1β-induced COX-2 express...

Background: Nepeta dschuparensis Bornm (NP) is used as a medicinal herb in Iran. In traditional medicine, this herb is extensively employed for curing ailments such as cardiovascular diseases. NP has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This project examined the effects of the NP extract on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) protein levels and its efficacy in neuroprot...

Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are distinct T cell subset that link innate and adaptive immune responses. IL-1β, produced by various immune cells, plays a key role in the regulation of innate immunity in vivo. However, it is unclear whether NKT cells regulate IL-1β production by macrophages. To address this, we co-cultured NKT cells and peritoneal macrophages in the presence of TCR stimulation an...

This study was aimed to monitor water pullution of Uzuncayir Dam Lake using the changes of IL-6, IL1β and TNF-α levels in Capoeta umbla (Heckel, 1843) liver tissue at ten stations in March and September 2011. In this study C. umbla (Heckel, 1843) was used as the indicator organism. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interlekuin1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined in samples ...

Objective(s): Myocarditis is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration in myocardial stroma. Attenuation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β is a reliable mark for improving the prognosis. Protein kinase B (Akt) plays an important role in the development and progression of myocarditis. The specific role of the natural inhibitor of Akt, Deguel...

BACKGROUND Inflammation and infection are major determinants of disease severity and consequently, the quality of life and outcome for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a key inflammatory mediator. Secretion of biologically active IL-1β involves inflammasome-mediated processing. Little is known about the contribution of IL-1β and the inflammasomes in CF inflammat...

Muscle wasting during sepsis is at least in part regulated by glucocorticoids and is associated with increased transcription of genes encoding the ubiquitin ligases atrogin-1 and muscle-specific RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1). Recent studies suggest that muscle atrophy caused by denervation is associated with reduced expression of the nuclear cofactor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ...