Basic propensity score methodology is designed to balance multivariate pre-treatment covariates when comparing one active treatment with control treatment. Practical settings often involve more than two treatments, where complicated contrasts the basic treatment-control one,(1,-1), are relevant. Here, we propose use of contrast-specific scores (CSPS). CSPS allow creation groups units that balan...

As part of the National Institutes of Health Toolbox initiative, a computerized test of dynamic visual acuity (cDVA) was developed and validated as an easy-to-administer, cost- and time-efficient test of vestibular and visual function. To establish normative reference values, 3,992 individuals, aged 3-85 years, without vestibular pathology underwent cDVA testing at multiple clinical research te...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Following transient ischemic attack (TIA), there is increased risk for ischemic stroke. The American Heart Association recommends admission of patients with ABCD2 scores ≥3 for observation, rapid performance of diagnostic tests, and potential acute intervention. We aimed to determine if there is a relationship between ABCD2 scores, in-hospital ischemic events, and in-hosp...