The paper is concerned with approximations to nonlinear filtering problems that are of interest over a very long time interval. Since the optimal filter can rarely be constructed, one needs to compute with numerically feasible approximations. The signal model can be a jump–diffusion, reflected or not. The observations can be taken either in discrete or continuous time. The cost of interest is t...

Background: Pruritus (skin irritation or itching) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4 and 5. It is associated with disrupted sleep, reduced quality of life, depression and increased mortality. A video of a patient describing the symptoms is at vimeo.com/49458473. Methods: We used gabapentin or pregabalin in 71 consecutive patients, 82% male. 25 had CKD stage 4 or 5,...

OBJECTIVE To define the natural history of T1G3 bladder tumor not receiving intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and assess the diagnostic and therapeutic value of a second transurethral resection (Re-TUR) in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective study on the natural history of 210 patients treated at two institutions for T1G3 bladder carcinoma without associated CIS. In n...

Raiskinmäki, Pasi Dynamics of multiphase flows: liquid-particle suspensions and droplet spreading Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2004, 152 p. (Research report/Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, ISSN 0075-465X; 7/2004) ISBN 951-39-1967-6 diss. Most fluids that appear in nature as well in numerous applications in industry are multiphase fluids such as liquid-particle suspensions...

We study cooperative and competitive solutions for a manyto-many generalization of Shapley and Shubik [9]’s assignment game. We consider the Core, three other notions of group stability and two alternative de…nitions of competitive equilibrium. We show that (i) each group stable set is closely related with the Core of certain games de…ned using a proper notion of blocking and (ii) each group st...

Background: Pruritus (skin irritation or itching) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4 and 5. It is associated with disrupted sleep, reduced quality of life, depression and increased mortality. A video of a patient describing the symptoms is at vimeo.com/49458473. Methods: We used gabapentin or pregabalin in 71 consecutive patients, 82% male. 25 had CKD stage 4 or 5,...

Background: Pruritus (skin irritation or itching) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 4 and 5. It is associated with disrupted sleep, reduced quality of life, depression and increased mortality. A video of a patient describing the symptoms is at vimeo.com/49458473. Methods: We used gabapentin or pregabalin in 71 consecutive patients, 82% male. 25 had CKD stage 4 or 5,...

Background : Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in both sex worldwide and it is also the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality. For rectal cancer, neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by radical proctectomy is gold standard treatment for patients with stage II/III rectal cancer. By data mining a documented database of rectal cancer transcriptome (GSE354...

OBJECTIVES To characterize the sonographic features of cat scratch disease and to identify features that allow differentiation from other causes of medial epitrochlear masses. METHODS After Institutional Review Board approval was obtained, patients who underwent sonography for a medial epitrochlear mass or lymph node were identified via the radiology information system. Patients were divided ...

We study the length of agreements in a market in which infinitely-lived firms contract with agents that live for two periods. Firms differ in the expected values of their projects, as do workers in their abilities to manage projects. Worker effort is not contractible and worker ability is revealed during the relationship. The market dictates the trade-off between sorting and incentives. Shortan...