UNLABELLED The alarmone (p)ppGpp regulates transcription, translation, replication, virulence, lipid synthesis, antibiotic sensitivity, biofilm formation, and other functions in bacteria. Signaling nucleotide cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) regulates biofilm formation, motility, virulence, the cell cycle, and other functions. In Mycobacterium smegmatis, both (p)ppGpp and c-di-GMP are synthesized and d...

Steady state kinetics of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase-catalyzed reactions are studied. The results obtained suggest that IMP, GMP, P-Rib-PP, and pyrophosphate bind to the same enzyme form, while hypoxanthine and guanine bind to a different form. Guanine activates IMP-pyrophosphorolysis. During the reaction guanlne and IMP are consumed with formation of GMP and hypoxanthine (IM...

We surveyed the eight putative cyclic-di-GMP-modulating response regulators (RRs) in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough that are predicted to function via two-component signaling. Using purified proteins, we examined cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) production or turnover in vitro of all eight proteins. The two RRs containing only GGDEF domains (DVU2067, DVU0636) demonstrated c-di-GMP production acti...

Bis-(3',5') cyclic di-guanylate (cyclic di-GMP) is a key bacterial second messenger that is implicated in the regulation of many critical processes that include motility, biofilm formation and virulence. Cyclic di-GMP influences diverse functions through interaction with a range of effectors. Our knowledge of these effectors and their different regulatory actions is far from complete, however. ...

Abstract Bacterial contamination such as Salmonella and E. coli is the main cause of extraordinary cases foodborne diseases. This study was done at Mak Iji Household Food Industry in Medan City which produces beef meatballs. The application good manufacturing practice (GMP) carried out accordance with Regulation Head Drug Supervisory Agency Republic Indonesia (BPOM RI) 2012. microbiological qua...

The note by Leduc and Roberts (14) in this issue of the Journal of Bacteriology sheds new light (i) on the mechanisms of action of the bacterial second messenger, cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP), and (ii) on the functions of the well-known family of transcription factors. The authors describe Clp from the plant pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri as a new c-di-GMP-binding protein. Surprisin...

Generally, the second messenger bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) regulates the switch between motile and sessile lifestyles in bacteria. Here, we show that c-di-GMP is an essential regulator of multicellular development in the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. In response to starvation, M. xanthus initiates a developmental program that culminates in formation of spore-filled fruitin...

Global Meeting Plus (GMP) is a Web-based collaborative GroupWare application, which consists of chat-channel, whiteboard, database, communication security, and pillow-talking. The chat-channel is for talking, whiteboard for drawing, database for recording, communication security for avoiding the information leaking out, and the pillowtalking for limiting meeting team. GMP can be used to hold an...

A little more than 6 years ago, the first therapeutic agent targeting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) was introduced into clinical medicine (Boolell et al., 1996). The PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil (Viagra) was the first orally active, effective therapy for the treatment of ED by virtue of its capacity to inhibit cyclic GMP hydrolysis in pe...