Coxsackievirus A2 (CV-A2) has been frequently detected and commonly associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in China since 2008. However, limited sequences of CV-A2 are currently available. As a result, we have been focusing on the genetic characteristics of CV-A2 in the mainland of China during 2008-2015 based on national HFMD surveillance. In this study, 20 CV-A2 strains were iso...

Telomere extension by telomerase is essential for chromosome stability and cell vitality. Here, we report the identification of a splice variant of mammalian heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 (hnRNP A2), hnRNP A2*, which binds telomeric DNA and telomerase in vitro. hnRNP A2* colocalizes with telomerase in Cajal bodies and at telomeres. In vitro assays show that hnRNP A2* actively unfol...

Let A2(n) = Γ2(n)\S2 be the quotient of Siegel’s space of degree 2 by the principal congruence subgroup of level n in Sp(4, Z). This is the moduli space of principally polarized abelian surfaces with a level n structure. Let A2(n) ∗ denote the Igusa compactification of this space, and ∂A2(n) ∗ = A2(n) ∗−A2(n) its “boundary”. This is a divisor with normal crossings. The main result of this paper...

Annexins are a family of homologous proteins that associate with anionic phospholipid (aPL) in the presence of Ca(2+). Evidence that the function of one annexin type may be regulated by another was recently reported in studies investigating cytomegalovirus-aPL interactions, where the fusogenic function of annexin 2 (A2) was attenuated by annexin 5 (A5). This observation suggested that A2 may bi...

SP-A (surfactant protein A) is a membrane-associated SP that helps to maintain the lung in a sterile and non-inflamed state. Unlike SP-As from other mammalian species, human SP-A consists of two functional gene products: SP-A1 and SP-A2. In all the functions examined, recombinant human SP-A1 invariably exhibits lower biological activity than SP-A2. The objective of the present study was to inve...

Beta-casein (BC) is frequently expressed as BC A2 and BC A1 in cow's milk. Gastrointestinal digestion of BC A1 results in the release of the opioid peptide beta-casomorphin 7 (BCM7) which is less likely to occur from BC A2. This work was aimed to produce milk containing BC A2 with no BC A1 (BC A2 milk) using genetically selected CSN2 A2A2 Jersey cows. Additionally, we aimed to develop an infant...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glycoprotein IIIa (GpIIIa) is a platelet membrane receptor for fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor. It plays a key role in platelet aggregation. Previous studies in stroke patients, without analysis based on specific subtypes of stroke cause, have not shown any link between GpIIIa A1/A2 polymorphism and stroke risk. We studied the significance of the GpIIIa gene A1/A2 po...