Introduction Speech segmentation is a central issue of spoken language comprehension research (Cutler, 2001). And, recently, one important solution comes from the discovery of a mechanism operated in our lexical system, the Possible-Word Constraint (PWC). In their word-spotting experiments, Norris, McQueen, Cutler and Butterfield (1997) observed that listeners usually found it more difficult to...

In this paper we explore the incentive and architectural issues that arise in Consortia of Peer-to-Peer Wireless Local Area Networks. A P2P WLAN Consortium (PWC) is a community of WLAN Administrative Domains (ADs) that offer network access to each other’s registered users. The great benefit of ubiquitous access that these roaming members enjoy compensates for their AD’s cost of providing access...

We demonstrate in an experiment an optical packet switching (OPS) using recursive parametric wavelength converters (PWCs) which uses the combination of two or more PWCs for wavelength conversions. The PWCs, which are based on four-wave mixing in highly nonlinear fibers, are possible for multiple wavelength conversion, allowing a shareper-node switching scheme, and thus significantly reducing th...

Interdecadal modes of tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere circulation have a strong influence on global temperature, yet the extent to which these phenomena influence global climate on multicentury timescales is still poorly known. Here we present a 2,000-year, multiproxy reconstruction of western Pacific hydroclimate from two speleothem records for southeastern Indonesia. The composite record sh...

Most calcareous soils have relatively low levels of organic matter. To evaluate the effect pruning waste biochar (PWB) and compost (PWC) combined with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on biological indices, a rhizobox study wheat using completely randomized design was conducted under greenhouse conditions. The studied factors included source material (PWB, PWC, control), microbial inoculation...

This study aims at providing a detailed description of the ways to understand development process primary school teacher on philosophy with children (PwC) approach. Action research was used as method since problems determined in current can be iteratively solved teacher. The group consists located center Bayburt, Turkey 2018-2019 academic year and 20 third-grade students. Qualitative data colle...