Plasmodium falciparum parasites that bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) express unique variant surface antigens that are involved in the placental sequestration that precipitates pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM). Two var gene subfamilies, var1csa and var2csa, have been associated with CSA binding. We show here that placental P. falciparum isolates highly transcribed var2csa but not var1csa....

We propose a formal procedure-based agent model for plan recognition as an alternative to the declarative proposition-based agent model. Our formalism, called the Procedural Agent Model (PAM) allows us to describe procedural plans of agents in a concise and abstract way. Plan recognition uses PAM as a library of plan schemas and applies a graph-based pattern-matching algorithm to the observed e...

Prior results show that most bounded query hierarchies cannot contain finite gaps. For example, it is known that PSAT (m+1)-tt = PSAT m-tt ) PSAT btt = PSAT m-tt and for all sets A FPA(m+1)-tt = FPAm-tt ) FPAbtt = FPAm-tt PA(m+1)-T = PAm-T ) PAbT = PAm-T FPA(m+1)-T = FPAm-T ) FPAbT = FPAm-T where PAm-tt is the set of languages computable by polynomial-time Turing machines that make m nonadaptiv...

We reported previously that protein associated with Myc (PAM) interacts with the C2 domain of type V adenylyl cyclase (ACV-C2) and that purified PAM is a potent inhibitor of Galphas-stimulated ACV activity (J Biol Chem 276:47583-47589, 2001). The present study was conducted to identify the region in PAM that inhibits ACV activity and to determine whether its binding with the ACV-C2 is necessary...

We propose a formal procedure-based agent model for plan recognition as an alternative to the declarative proposition-based agent model. Our formalism, called the Procedural Agent Model (PAM) allows us to describe procedural plans of agents in a concise and abstract way. Plan recognition uses PAM as a library of plan schemas and applies a graph-based pattern-matching algorithm to the observed e...

Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) yields natural muscle-like actuator with high force to weight ratio, soft and flexible structure, and adaptable compliance for rehabilitation and prosthetic appliances to the disabled. To obtain optimum design and usage, there is significance to understand mechanical behavior of the PAM. In this study, experimental results reveal empirical modeling for relation...

OBJECTIVE Patient activation can be measured using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM) developed by Hibbard et al., however, little is known about the uses of the PAM in research and in practice. This study aims to explore its differing utility in four UK exemplar sites. METHODS Data from four exemplars in a range of health settings with people living with long-term conditions (i.e. stroke o...

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the main pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which leads to severe vision loss in many aged patients in most advanced country. CNV compromises vision via hemorrhage and retinal detachment on account of pathological neovascularization penetrating the retina. Plasma medicine represents the medical application of ionized gas "plasma" that i...

Three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds provide structural support and function as substrates for cells and bioactive molecules necessary for tissue regeneration. Noninvasive real-time imaging of scaffolds and/or the process of tissue formation within the scaffold remains a challenge. Microcomputed tomography, the widely used technique to characterize polymeric scaffolds, shows poor contrast for ...

In human neutrophils, the synthetic lipopeptide, N-palmitoyl-S-[2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy-(2RS)propyl]-(~)-cysteiny1-(S)-seryl-(S)-lysyl-(S)-lysyl-(S)-lysyl-(~-lysine [Pam,CysSer(Lys),], activates NADPH-oxidase catalyzed superoxide (0;) formation through pertussis-toxin-sensitive and pertussis-toxin-insensitive mechanisms (Seifert, R., Schultz, G., Richter-Freund, M., Metzger, J ., Wiesmuller, K.-H....