The voluminous 2.5 Ga banded iron formations (BIFs) from the Hamersley Basin (Australia) and Transvaal Craton (South Africa) record an extensive period of Fe redox cycling. The major Fe-bearing minerals in the Hamersley–Transvaal BIFs, magnetite and siderite, did not form in Fe isotope equilibrium, but instead reflect distinct formation pathways. The near-zero average dFe values for magnetite r...

Wireless Sensor Networks is an promising epitome of correlating and calculating, where a node may be self-powered and discrete node have the proficiency to intellect and interconnect. Because sensors have restricted battery power, energy efficient routing is vital. A new sensor routing scheme Q-LEACH that conglomerates the Q-DIR protocol and clustering model in LEACH protocol has been represent...

Quantitative validation of deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms is extremely difficult because of the complexity involved in constructing a deformable phantom that can duplicate various clinical scenarios. The purpose of this study is to describe a framework to test the accuracy of DIR based on computational modeling and evaluating using inverse consistency and other methods. Three cl...

Ventilation imaging using 4D CT is a convenient and low-cost functional imaging methodology which might be of value in radiotherapy treatment planning to spare functional lung volumes. Deformable image registration (DIR) is needed to calculate ventilation imaging from 4D CT. This study investigates the dependence of calculated ventilation on DIR methods and ventilation algorithms. DIR of the no...

PURPOSE To establish the fundamental relationship between deformation and its causative physical force using a deformable bladder phantom. To ascertain if a threshold limit exists for DIR accuracy, beyond which its applicability in deformed anatomy may be clinically inappropriate. METHODS A tissue equivalent deformable bladder phantom with 21 implanted aluminum markers was developed using a v...

OBJECTIVE Dose warping following deformable image registration (DIR) has been proposed for interfractional dose accumulation. Robust evaluation workflows are vital to clinically implement such procedures. This study demonstrates such a workflow and quantifies the accuracy of a commercial DIR algorithm for this purpose under clinically realistic scenarios. METHODS 12 head and neck (H&N) patien...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to develop a methodology to standardize the analysis and reporting of the patterns of loco-regional failure after IMRT of head and neck cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with evidence of local and/or regional failure following IMRT for head-and-neck cancer were retrospectively reviewed under approved IRB protocol. Manually delineated recurren...