The Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channel, KCa3.1 (KCNN4/IK/SK4), is widely expressed and contributes to cell functions that include volume regulation, migration, membrane potential, and excitability. KCa3.1 is now considered a therapeutic target for several diseases, including CNS disorders involving microglial activation; thus, we need to understand how KCa3.1 function is regulated. KCa3.1 gating and...

37 cAMP inhibits proliferation in most cell types triggering different and sometimes opposing 38 molecular pathways. p85α (PI3K regulatory subunit) is phosphorylated by cAMP/PKA in certain 39 cell lineages but its effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) 40 are unknown. In the present study we evaluated: i) the role of p85α in the integration of 41 cAMP/PKA-de...

Protein kinase A (PKA) is an evolutionarily conserved negative regulator of the hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction pathway. PKA is known to be required for the proteolytic processing event that generates the repressor forms of the Ci and Gli transcription factors that keep target genes off in the absence of Hh. Here, we show that complete loss of PKA activity in the mouse leads to midgestation l...

Protein kinases are implicated in neuronal cell functions such as modulation of ion channel function, trafficking, and synaptic excitability. Both protein kinase C (PKC) and A (PKA) are involved in regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors through phosphorylation. However, the role of PKA in regulating GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)-R) following acute ethanol exposure is not know...

در این مقاله یک مدل ریاضی برای مسئله سیستم تولیدی همکارانه ساخت بر اساس سفارش با رعایت انصاف تخصیص بار‌های تولید طراحی شده است. اهداف اصلی مدل، کمینه‌سازی هزینه‌‌های کل و حداکثر استفاده از منابع به‌منظور عادلانه شرایط عدم­قطعیت کنترل پارامتر‌های غیرقطعی روش برنامه‌ریزی فازی ‌شده نتایج نشان می‌دهد افزایش نرخ عدم‌قطعیت، می­یابد. ازآنجاکه ظرفیت کارخانه‌ها ثابت است، مقدار تقاضا، هر کارخانه نیز می­ی...

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by granulopoietic differentiation arrest at the promyelocytic stage. In most cases, this defect can be overcome by treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), leading to complete clinical remission. Cyclic AMP signaling has a key role in retinoid treatment efficacy: it enhances ATRA-induced maturation in ATRA-sensitive APL cells (including ...

The role of cAMP in cell growth and differentiation, gene expression, and neuronal function is mediated by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Differential expression of type I and type II PKA has been correlated with neoplastic transformation and differentiation, respectively. PKA is primarily an intracellular enzyme. However, it has been demonstrated that PKA may be associated with the p...

BACKGROUND/AIMS BMP9 is highly capable of promoting osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) although the molecular mechanism involved is largely unknown. Here, we explored the detail role of PKA/CREB signaling in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation. METHODS Activation status of PKA/CREB signaling is assessed by nonradioactive assay and Western blot. Using PKA inhibitor...