BACKGROUND A statistical audit of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in pleural effusions was undertaken. METHODS ADA analysis, cytological and microbiological examinations, and differential cell counts were performed on 462 pleural fluid samples. RESULTS ADA activity in tuberculous effusions was higher than in any other diagnostic group. At a level of 50 U/l the sensitivity and specificity for the ...

The GNu Ada Runtime Library (GNARL) is being developed to support Ada 9X tasking for the Gnu NYU Ada Translator (GNAT). Together, they form a portable, freely distributable Ada 9X translation system. GNARL and GNAT communicate through a well-deened procedural interface, facilitating their independent development. Among the design goals of this translation system are portability, interoperabilit...

We present a detailed analysis of the possible ways in which the execution of an Ada 95 program might become “totally unpredictable”. In particular, we discuss those language aspects which allow a program execution to become erroneous or which have an undefined semantics. The Ada 95 language definition is assessed with respect to its completeness and clarity in presenting these aspects. The evo...

The Graphical Representations of Algorithms, Structures, and Processes for Ada (GRASP/Ada) project has successfully created and prototyped a new algorithmic level graphical representation for Ada software, the Control Structure Diagram (CSD). The primary impetus to create and refine the CSD is to improve the comprehension efficiency of Ada software, and as a result, improve reliability and redu...

OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of concomitant methotrexate (MTX) with adalimumab (ADA) on outcomes in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) using data from an observational study of ADA. METHODS Data from a German noninterventional study of patients with PsA starting treatment with ADA were analyzed retrospectively for effects of concomitant MTX on key outcomes, including Disease Activi...

We evaluated whether or not the effect of adalimumab (ADA) in combination with the disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) other than methotrexate (MTX) is comparable to the ADA+MTX therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A total of 216 patients with active RA at Kohnan Kakogawa Hospital and Kobe University Hospital were enrolled. Clinical and functional outcomes wer...

AIM To improve the understanding of factors that influence adenosine deaminase ( ADA) activity in large pericardial effusions. METHODS A prospective study was carried out at Tygerberg Academic Hospital, South Africa. Patients underwent echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis. ADA activity, as well as biochemistry, haematology, cytology, and in some cases, histology, were determined. H...

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency is associated with a fatal severe combined immunodeficiency. Because most patients do not have a suitable marrow donor, the introduction of a normal ADA gene into the patient's marrow cells is a potentially useful alternative therapy. To identify vectors that provide optimal gene expression in human hematopoietic cells, we investigated retroviral vectors con...

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency causes severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) by interfering with the metabolism of deoxyadenosine, which is toxic to T lymphocytes at all stages of differentiation. Enzyme replacement with polyethylene glycol-modified ADA (PEG-ADA) has been previously shown to correct deoxyadenosine metabolism and improve mitogen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation. We stu...