Research suggests that the feedback-related negativity (FRN) is only sensitive to expectancy when the prediction violation is salient. To further examine this issue, we asked participants to guess which of two virtual doors hid 5 cents. Prior to and after making their guess, participants were asked whether or not they expected to win. We extracted four conditions based on subjects' predictions ...

This article describes new and better ways to solve urban traffic congestion problems. It emphasizes win-win strategies that help achieve multiple planning objectives and therefore maximize overall benefits. This reflects a new planning paradigm which expands the range of impacts and options considered in the planning process. Win-win strategies include improvements to resource efficient modes ...