LIM-homeodomain transcription factors (LIM-HDs) are essential in tissue patterning and differentiation. But their expression patterns in the inner ear are largely unknown. Here we report on a study of twelve LIM-HDs, by their tempo-spatial patterns that imply distinct yet overlapping roles, in the developing mouse inner ear. Expression of Lmx1a and Isl1 begins in the otocyst stage, with Lmx1a e...

Let n be the fraction of structures of \size" n which are \connected"; e.g., (a) the fraction of labeled or unlabeled n-vertex graphs having one component, (b) the fraction of partitions of n or of an n-set having a single part or block, or (c) the fraction of n-vertex forests that contain only one tree. Various authors have considered lim n, provided it exists. It is convenient to distinguish ...

This paper introduces two new cells for Logic-inMemory (LiM) operation. The first novelty of these cells is the resistive RAM configuration that utilizes a Programmable Metallization Cell (PMC) as non-volatile element. CMOS transistors and ambipolar transistors are used as processing and control elements for the logic operations of the LiM cells. The first cell employs ambipolar transistors and...

The topographic assembly of neural circuits is dependent upon the generation of specific neuronal subtypes, each subtype displaying unique properties that direct the formation of selective connections with appropriate target cells. Studies of motor neuron development in the spinal cord have begun to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in controlling motor projections. In this review, we...

LIM domain proteins contain contiguous double-zinc finger domains and play important roles in cytoskeletal re-organisation and organ development in multi-cellular eukaryotes. Here, we report the characterization of four genes encoding LIM proteins in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Targeted gene replacement of either the paxillin-encoding gene, PAX1, or LRG1 resulted in a significant ...

The cysteine-rich protein (CRP) contains two copies of the LIM sequence motif, CX2CX17HX2CX2CX2CX17-CX2C, that was first identified in the homeodomain proteins Lin-11, Is1-1, and Mec-3. The abundance and spacing of the cysteine residues in the LIM motif are reminiscent of a metal-binding domain. We examined the metal-binding properties of CRP isolated from chicken smooth muscle (cCRP) and from ...

The LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD) family of transcription factors is well known for its functions during several developmental processes including cell fate specification, cell migration and axon guidance, and its members play fundamental roles in hippocampal development. The hippocampus is a structure that displays striking activity dependent plasticity.  We examined whether LIM-HD genes and their ...

Actin filament bundling, i.e. the formation of actin cables, is an important process that relies on proteins able to directly bind and cross-link subunits of adjacent actin filaments. Animal cysteine-rich proteins and their plant counterparts are two LIM domain-containing proteins that were recently suggested to define a new family of actin cytoskeleton regulators involved in actin filament bun...

It is proved that the quantization of the Volkovyski-Sinai model of ideal gas (in the Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics) enjoys at the thermodynamical limit the property of quantum mixing in the following sense: lim |t|→∞ lim m,L→∞ m/L→ρ ω β,L(e mAem B) = lim m,L→∞ m/L→ρ ω β,L(A)· lim m,L→∞ m/L→ρ ω β,L(B). Here Hm is the Schrödinger operator of m free particles moving on a circle of length L; A and ...

The purposes of this study were to: 1) determine if the critical heart rate (CHR) model for cycle ergometry can be applied to treadmill running; and 2) examine the times to exhaustion (T lim) as well as the ! VO 2 , ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), electromyographic amplitude (EMG AMP) and mean power frequency (MPF) responses during constant heart rate (HR) runs at CHR-5 b·min-1 (CHR-5), CH...