SUMMARY Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for depression is a controversial treatment with highly polarised views about the balance between therapeutic benefits and adverse effects. Studies investigating whether ECT more effective than placebo started in 1950s, most important randomised controlled trials carried out four decades ago which was compared sham (SECT) involving anaesthesia but no elec...

Abstract Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used successfully for over 80 years and is the most effective treatment patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD). Despite different hypotheses have proposed, exact working mechanisms of ECT are still unknown. To improve response rates, it necessary to enhance our understanding biological that may affect MDD how treat t...

ectopic cervical thymus (ect) is an essentially benign condition that is identified during the development of the thymus, and is rare among the adult population. thymic hyperplasia is another thymus-associated condition, which is known to occur secondary to hyperthyroidism. a 39-year-old woman with hyperthyroidism presented with an enlarging submandibular mass, which was diagnosed as a benign h...

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) visualization has provoked interest in electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) due to recent progress the development of measurement circuits and data-acquisition systems. This paper proposes image reconstruction using spatio-temporal sampling Z -axis for 3D ECT improve spatial resolution. In a typical application ECT, multi-phase flow imaging is performed throug...

objective: despite the discovery of new antipsychotic drugs in recent years, a number of schizophrenic patients show no response to such drugs and are considered treatment-resistant. in such cases, clozapine and occasionally ect or a combination of drugs are used, though they are not very effective. in recent years, the combination of clozapine and ect for treatment-resistant schizophrenic pati...

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin has been effectively used in recent years to treat various skin tumors. Microsecond electric pulses significantly improve (BLM) delivery and its anticancer potential. Up now, we can determine field distribution the targeted tissue, however, of injected drug is still not well known. In this study, propose combination indocyanine green (ICG) as a practical...