Several patient populations have been identified as high risk for extubation failure despite successful completion of a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). Extubation failure and subsequent need for emergent re-intubation have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this review, we discuss ways to optimize the value and performance of the SBT in a subgroup of high-risk patient...

Purpose: To compare the Physiologic Strain Index (PSI) induced by maximal treadmill exercise with and without added heat stress as part of medical evaluation for hazardous materials (hazmat) work requiring protective ensembles which block evaporative and convective heat transfer. Also, to extend comparison of PSI versus published values from hazmat simulations. Methods: Candidates for hazmat du...

B susceptibility and hardness of three yellow dent corn hybrids were determined for kernels separated into 6 size and shape categories and equilibrated to 12.3 and 14.7% moisture (wet basis). Measurements for breakage susceptibility by severe impact from the Wisconsin Breakage Tester (WBT) and by a grinding action from the Stein Breakage Tester (SBT) were determined by sieve and by a green dye ...

Present study involves evaluation of effects of 75% ethanolic extract of seabuckthorn [Hippophae rhamnoides L. (SBT)] leaves on scopolamine induced cognitive impairment in rats using three different oral doses i.e. 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight through assessment of various biochemical and behavioural parameters. Scopolamine administration resulted in an increase in acetylcholinesterase (AC...

Abstract Background High-quality single blastocyst transfer (SBT) is increasingly recommended to patients because of its acceptable pregnancy outcomes and significantly reduced multiple rate compared double (DBT). However, there no consensus on whether this strategy also suitable for poor-quality blastocysts. Moreover, the effect development speed blastocysts has been controversial. Therefore, ...

Background Active 'hands-on' participation in the 'hot-seat' during immersive simulation-based training (SBT) induces stress for participants, which is believed to be necessary to improve performance. We hypothesized that observers of SBT can subsequently achieve an equivalent level of non-technical performance as 'hot-seat' participants despite experiencing lower stress. Methods We randomize...

INTRODUCTION The process of weaning may impose cardiopulmonary stress on ventilated patients. Heart-rate variability (HRV), a noninvasive tool to characterize autonomic function and cardiorespiratory interaction, may be a promising modality to assess patient capability during the weaning process. We aimed to evaluate the association between HRV change and weaning outcomes in critically ill pati...

INTRODUCTION Vaccines and antiviral drugs are the most widely used methods of preventing or treating Influenza virus infection. The role of sea buckthorn (SBT) bud dry extract as a natural antiviral drug against Influenza was investigated. METHODS Influenza virus was cultured in the MDCK cell line, with or without SBT bud extract, and virus growth was assessed by HA and TCID50 virus titration...

INTRODUCTION A reliable prediction of successful weaning from respiratory support may be crucial for the overall outcome of the critically ill patient. The electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) allows one to monitor the patients' respiratory drive and their ability to meet the increased respiratory demand. In this pilot study, we compared the EAdi with conventional parameters of weaning f...

Background. Spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) are standard of care in assessing extubation readiness; however, there are no universally accepted guidelines regarding their precise performance and reporting. Objective. To investigate variability in SBT practice across centres. Methods. Data from 680 patients undergoing 931 SBTs from eight North American centres from the Weaning and Variability...