We present a network of seven ring-width chronologies of eastern white-cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) from the Niagara Escarpment in southern Ontario, Canada. Using principal component regression, a 350-year June–July precipitation reconstruction (SOR) is developed for the region. Prior to the 20th century, the SOR series shows reasonable coherence, particularly at the decadal scale, with an ind...

Drought is one of the most severe natural disasters worldwide, but with a particular emphasis in sub-humid and semi-arid climates. Several indices have been created to appropriately identify drought’s characteristics variability. The main objectives this study consisted analyzing behavior different applied northeast Algeria comparing them across long-term data set (1961–2014). SPI RDI at 9-mont...

Magnetic materials are usually divided into two classes: those with localised magnetic moments, and those with itinerant charge carriers. We present a comprehensive experimental (spectroscopic ellipsomerty) and theoretical study to demonstrate that these two types of magnetism do not only coexist but complement each other in the Kondo-lattice metal, Tb(2)PdSi(3). In this material the itinerant ...

A changing climate and global warming have adversely affected Pakistan’s moist dry temperate vegetation. Abies pindrow (fir) (Royle ex D.Don) Royle Picea smithiana (spruce) Wall.) Boiss are the two major representative species of forests in Northern Pakistan. The dendroclimatic study both is crucial for assessment variability at various spatial temporal scales. This examined dendroclimatology f...

The South Asian Monsoon and mid-latitude Westerlies are two important controls on Tibetan Plateau (TP) fresh water resources. Understanding their interaction requires long-term information on spatial patterns in moisture variability on the TP. Here we develop a network of 23 moisture-sensitive tree-ring chronologies from major juniper forests in a north-south transect on the eastern TP. Over th...

Spatio-temporal processes are often high-dimensional, exhibiting complicated variability across space and time. Traditional state-space model approaches to such processes in the presence of uncertain data have been shown to be useful. However, estimation of state-space models in this context is often problematic since parameter vectors and matrices are of high dimension and can have complicated...

شاخص سطح برگ استخراج‌شده (LAI) از تصاویر سنجش دور پارامتر مهمی، به‌منظور مدل‌سازی مکانی تولید پوشش گیاهی، محسوب می‌شود. معمولاً شاخص‌های گیاهی که با بازتاب طول موج‌های قرمز و مادون نزدیک محاسبه می‌شوند، در برآورد LAI استفاده روش‌های آماری، به‌کار می‌روند اما بسیاری این شاخص‌ها مقادیر متفاوت به اشباع می‌رسند. برای رفع محدودیت، محدودة لبة شده است؛ بنابراین، باید قابلیت داده‌های دور، ذرت علوفه‌ای، ...