Challenge of neutrophils with concanavalin A (ConA), formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins. Among these proteins we have identified two mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) isoforms of 43 kDa (p43 MAPK) and 45 kDa (p45 MAPK) molecular mass. Moreover here we show that: (1) FMLP induced t...

Jurkat T cells undergo rapid apoptosis upon stimulation of the Fas/APO-1 (CD95) receptor. We examined the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade as a negative regulator of Fas-mediated apoptosis. To this end, we used both physiologic and artificial activators of MAPK, all of which activate MAPK by distinct routes. MAPK activity could be efficiently elevated by two T cell mi...

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are involved in host defense against pathogens and often activated by upstream plasma membrane leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs). ERECTA (ER) is an LRR-RLK that regulates plant developmental processes through activating MAPK cascades. Tomato leaf curl Yunnan virus (TLCYnV) C4 interacts with BKI1, stabilizes it at the impairs ER...

The New Order gave a new style to the policy of Islamic religious education due shift in influence communism towards strengthening Pancasila through sustainable national development plan. This article aims examine policies during era on existence madrasas. method used this study is qualitative with historical and analytical methods. found that was education, institutions were encouraged partici...

Purpose: To investigate the effects of tamoxifen and tanshinone administered individually or in combination, on proliferation breast cancer (BC) cells, underlying mechanism(s) action.
 Methods: Human cell lines (SNU-306, SNU-334 SNU-1528), normal primary mammary epithelial line (HMEC) were cultured at 37 °C Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5 % fetal bovine serum ...

Neurons are sensitive to low oxygen (hypoxia) and employ a conserved pathway to combat its effects. Here, we show that p38 MAP Kinase (MAPK) modulates this hypoxia response pathway in C. elegans. Mutants lacking p38 MAPK components pmk-1 or sek-1 resemble mutants lacking the hypoxia response component and prolyl hydroxylase egl-9, with impaired subcellular localization of Mint orthologue LIN-10...

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) group is represented by four isoforms in mammals (p38alpha, p38beta2, p38gamma and p38delta). These p38 MAPK isoforms appear to mediate distinct functions in vivo due, in part, to differences in substrate phosphorylation by individual p38 MAPKs and also to selective activation by MAPK kinases (MAPKKs). Here we report the identification of two fact...

Obesity often leads to obesity-related cardiac hypertrophy (ORCH), which is suppressed by zinc-induced inactivation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which zinc inactivates p38 MAPK to prevent ORCH. Mice (4-week old) were fed either high fat diet (HFD, 60% kcal fat) or normal diet (ND, 10% kcal fat) containing variable amounts o...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS), Shen-Ling-Bai-Zhu-San (SLBZS), and integrated recipe of the above two recipes on inflammatory markers and proteins involved in p38 MAPK pathway in Kupffer cells of NASH rats induced by high fat diet (HFD). Rats were administered at low or high dose of CSS, SLBZS, and integrated recipe except normal group and model group for...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine whether p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) contributes to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-induced contractile depression. BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor has both beneficial and detrimental consequences that may result from the activation of different downstream pathways. Tumor necrosis factor activates p38-MAPK, a str...