To elucidate the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in oral tolerance, we used the model of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), which is mediated by CD8+ Tc1 effector cells independently of CD4+ T-cell help. Conversely to normal mice, invariant chain knock-out (KO) (Ii degrees / degrees ) mice, which are deficient in CD4+ T cells, cannot be orally tolerized and ...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are engaged in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. IL-10 has an important role in maintaining the normal immune state. Here, we show that IL-10-secreting Tregs can be delineated in normal mice as CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(-) T cells that express lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), an MHC-class-II-binding CD4 homolog. Although approximate...

Despite the fact that CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) play a central role in maintaining self-tolerance and that IL-17-producing CD4(+) T cells (Th17 cells) are pathogenic in many autoimmune diseases, evidence to date has indicated that Th17 cells are resistant to suppression by human Foxp3(+) Treg cells. It was recently demonstrated that CD39, an ectonucleotidase which hy...

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a ubiquitous second messenger that regulates diverse cellular functions. It has been found that CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (T(REG)) cells exert their suppressor function by transferring cAMP to responder T cells. Here, we show that miR-142-3p regulates the production of cAMP by targeting adenylyl cyclase (AC) 9 messenger RNA in CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells and CD4(+)CD25(+) T(REG)...

Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells (Treg) are mandatory for maintaining immunologic self-tolerance. We demonstrate that the cell-cell contact-mediated suppression of conventional CD4(+) T cells by human CD25(+) Treg cells is fixation resistant, independent from membrane-bound TGF-beta but requires activation and protein synthesis of CD25(+) Treg cells. Coactivation of CD25(+) Treg cells with Treg...

Besides CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs), other immunosuppressive T cells also participated in the regulation of immune tolerance. Reportedly, neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) might be one of the molecules by which regulatory cells exert their suppressive effects. Indeed, CD4(+)CD25(-)Nrp1(+) T cells exhibit potent suppressive function in autoimmune inflammatory responses. Here we investigat...

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are immunosuppressive and help maintain peripheral immune tolerance. The forkhead/winged helix family member, Foxp3, has been shown to be a critical regulator of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells. We demonstrate by quantitative real-time PCR that CD4+CD25+ T cells express higher levels of Foxp3 mRNA than other T cell populations. Recombinant adeno-associated virus vector ...

We have examined the development of self-peptide-specific CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in lineages of transgenic mice that express the influenza virus PR8 hemagglutinin (HA) under the control of several different promoters (HA transgenic mice). By mating these lineages with TS1-transgenic mice expressing a TCR that recognizes the major I-E(d)-restricted determinant from HA (site 1 (S1)), we sh...

CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) are classified as a subset of T cells whose role is the suppression and regulation of immune responses to self and non-self. Since their discovery in the early 1970s, the role of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs in both autoimmune and infectious disease has continued to expand. This review examines the recent advances on the role CD4+ CD25+ Tregs may be playing in various ...

BACKGROUND Survivin is a small protein inhibitor of apoptosis and a tumor associated antigen. Survivin expression in multiple myeloma is associated with poor prognosis, disease progression, and drug resistance. The CD4+ response against survivin remains uncharacterized. METHODS In order to better understand the anti-tumor immune response to survivin, and optimize vaccination strategies, we ch...