PURPOSE To determine the association between hormonal contraceptive (HC) use, and behavior-related and biological cardiovascular risk factors among teenage girls in Germany. METHODS HC use was assessed among 2,285 girls aged 13-17 years who participated in the health survey for children and adolescents (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents, KiGGS), betwe...

The ability to form long-term memories for novel events depends on information processing within the hippocampus (HC) and entorhinal cortex (EC). The HC-EC circuitry shows a quantitative segregation of anatomical directionality into different neuronal layers. Whereas superficial EC layers mainly project to dentate gyrus (DG), CA3 and apical CA1 layers, HC output is primarily sent from pyramidal...

A 20-year-old man was admitted with acute respiratory failure. He had started smoking 20 heat-not-burn cigarettes (HC) per day 6 months previously, then purchased a second device for smoking HC to increase smoking to 40 cigarettes per day 2 weeks before hospitalization. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) was diagnosed based on medical history, chest high-resolution computed tomographic findings...

We investigated the prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) and its association with mitral anular calcium (MAC) detected by Doppler echocardiography in 379 unselected elderly patients in a long-term health care facility. HC was present in 17 of 379 patients (4 percent). Of 17 patients with HC, ten (59 percent) had asymmetric septal hypertrophy, and seven (41 percent) had idiopathic hype...

STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional multi-centre study. INTRODUCTION The ICF Core Sets for Hand Conditions (HC) have been developed to describe functioning of patients with HC. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To study the content validity of the Brief ICF Core Set for HC. METHODS Patients with HC were interviewed using the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for HC. ICF categories that best explained variation in p...

This study is to investigate the effects of the thymosin α1 (Tα1) and hydrocortisone (HC) combination treatment on the immune responses in septic mice. According to different treatments, mice were divided into the control group (n = 18), the sepsis model group (n = 18), the Tα1 group (n = 18), the HC group (n = 18), and the Tα1+HC group (n = 18). Septic mouse model was established by the intrap...

OBJECTIVES We examined whether oral folate supplementation would rescue a hypercholesterolemia (HC)-related impairment of ischemia-induced angiogenesis. BACKGROUND Folate protects against endothelial dysfunction, but the effect of folate supplementation on angiogenesis is little known. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Control rats were fed a normal diet (n = 18); H...

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is mediated by proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Because heavy chain-hyaluronic acid/pentraxin 3 (HC-HA/PTX3) purified from human amniotic membrane exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-scarring actions, we hypothesized that HC-HA/PTX3 could inhibit these PVR-related processes in vitro. In this study,...

BACKGROUND Elevated homocysteine (Hc) levels have a well-established and clear causal relationship to epithelial damage leading to coronary artery disease. Furthermore, it is strongly associated with other metabolic syndrome variables, such as hypertension, which is correlated with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies on T2DM in relation to Hc levels have shown both positive and negative a...