The study addresses the effect of thermal treatment on the internal structure of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). In order to get insight into the internal structure of PEMs, Neutron Reflectometry (NR) was used. PEMs with a deuterated inner block towards the substrate and a non-deuterated outer block were prepared and measured in 1% RH and in D2O before and after a thermal treatment. Complem...

the intermittency and variability of these permeated Distributed Generators (DGs) could critically cause many security and economy risks to distribution systems. This paper applied a certain mathematical distribution to imitate the output variability and uncertainty of DGs. And then, four risk indices EENS, PLC, EFLC and SI were established to reflect the system risk level of distribution syste...

Replication of time series in microarray experiments is costly. To analyze time series data with no replicate, many model-specific approaches have been proposed. However, they fail to identify the genes whose expression patterns do not fit the pre-defined models. Besides, modeling the temporal expression patterns is difficult when the dynamics of gene expression in the experiment is poorly unde...

BACKGROUND Fatty infiltration of the liver is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality in children with severe protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Although impaired synthesis of VLDL apolipoprotein B-100 (VLDL-apo B-100) is generally accepted as the pathogenetic mechanism, the rate of it synthesis has not been measured in children with PEM. OBJ...

BACKGROUND In the present study, we aimed to retrospectively analyze the correlation between toxicity of pemetrexed (PEM) chemotherapy and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphisms in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (non-sq NSCLC). MATERIAL AND METHODS We used polymerase chain reaction, gene scanning, and restriction fragment length polymorph...

Production efficiency models (PEMs) are based on the theory of light use efficiency (LUE) which states that a relatively constant relationship exists between photosynthetic carbon uptake and radiation receipt at the canopy level. Challenges remain however in the application of the PEM methodology to global net primary productivity (NPP) monitoring. The objectives of this review are as follows: ...

OBJECTIVE To assess growth hormone (GH)/insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis as a possible non-nutritional factor for growth retardation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary university hospital. Thirty children with CP (seven children with normal growth [CP-N] and 23 with retarded growth [CP-R]), 30 children with protein energy ma...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, risk factors, co-morbidities and case fatality rates of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) admissions at the paediatric ward of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, South-east Nigeria over a 10 year period. DESIGN A retrospective study using case Notes, admission and mortality registers retrieved from the Hospital's Medical Records Departmen...

F uel cells have tantalized engineers for more than a century as efficient devices to directly convert chemical energy to electrical energy. However, fuel cell use has been limited to niche applications, like space vehicles and emergency backup power systems, due to their expensive components and specialized fuel requirements. During the past two decades polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel ...

We propose a point-based environment model (PEM) to represent the absolute coordinate frame in which camera motion is to be tracked. The PEM can easily be acquired by laser scanning both indoors and outdoors even over long distances. The approach avoids any expensive modeling step and instead uses the raw point data for scene representation. Also the approach requires no additional artificial m...