سابقه و هدف: در کشور ایران از حدود 5/88 میلیارد مترمکعب آب استحصال‌شده منابع سطحی زیرزمینی، ۸۳ یعنی 5/93 درصد به بخش کشاورزی اختصاص می‌یابد، بزرگ‌ترین مصرف‌کننده است. مصرف رو افزایش معلول جمعیت، سطح زیر کشت تولیدات هست که به‌تبع آن سبب کاهش دسترسی افت ایستابی تخلیه آبخوان‌ها شده آمارها نشان می‌دهند این استراتژیک، تهدید کمیت کیفیت است ­طوری ­که هم ­اکنون تعداد زیادی دشت­ های شرایط بحرانی قرار دا...

Large eddy simulation (LES) is now seen more and more as a viable alternative to current industrial practice, usually based on problem-specific Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) methods. Access to detailed flow physics is attractive to industry, especially in an environment in which computer modelling is bound to play an ever increasing role. However, the improvement in accuracy and flow d...

1. Introduction A great variety of flows with importance to practical engineering applications are inherently unsteady and virtually all of the Newtonian fluid flows in nature are turbulent. Therefore, it is natural and unavoidable to deal with unsteady turbulent flows when Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques are applied to engineering design and industrial use. CFD for general fluid ...

To bridge the gap between high and low fidelity numerical modeling tools for vertical-axis (or cross-flow) turbines (VATs or CFTs), an actuator line model (ALM) was developed and validated for both a high and a medium solidity vertical-axis turbine at rotor diameter Reynolds numbersReD ∼ 10. The ALM is a combination of classical blade element theory and Navier–Stokes based flow models, and in t...