A new variable exponential discrete-time sliding mode control (DSMC) reaching law is proposed to suppress the chattering phenomenon and accelerate speed for switching function. The consists of two-phase different term. main effect first phase reduce steps. second can decrease magnitude quasi-sliding-mode domain (QSMD). Otherwise, disturbance term restrained by order difference function which al...

Multi-species modeling is implemented for the particle-based ellipsoidal statistical Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook method monatomic species in open-source plasma simulation suite PICLas. After a literature review on available multi-species extensions of kinetic model equations and approaches determination transport coefficients, Brull's former Wilke's mixing rules collision integrals latter. The implem...

A hybrid particle-continuum computational framework is developed and presented for simulating hypersonic interacting flows, aimed to be faster and more accurate than conventional numerical methods. The framework consists of the direct simulation Monte Carlo-Information Preservation (DSMC-IP) method coupled with a Navier-Stokes solver. Since the DSMCIP method provides the macroscopic information...