The Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem shows that conservation laws limit the accuracy of measurement. Here, we generalize the argument to show that conservation laws limit the accuracy of quantum logic operations. A rigorous lower bound is obtained of the error probability of any physical realization of the controlled-NOT gate under the constraint that the computational basis is represented by a comp...

لم يتحمل جنس بشري كما تحمل الجنس الاسود من معاناة الحياة ، اذ بيع وسيق وأسر وقتل ومثل به ولم يتعامل معه معاملة انسانية على طول التاريخ البشري تترك اعمال شاقة وصعبة الا زج بها وتحمل مشاقها وجهدها . وعلى الرغم ان هذا تمتع بخشونة عالية وصبر ومجالدة المشاق والطاعة لأسياده الذين استغلوه ابشع استغلال انه مر استطاع يسجل لنفسه في سجل ملاحم ثورية وانتفاضات تحررية شهد له تاريخ الانسانية العصور، لا نجد حض...

اواسط شهریور 1401 و در نزدیکی ساحل ماسه‌ای رودخانۀ نکا شمال ایران، به روش تورزدن روی گل‌آذین بوته‌های کاهوک (.Lactuca serriola L) میان تمشک وحشی (.Rubus idaeus انار (.Punica granatum L)، نمونه‌ای جیرجیرک جمع‌آوری شد که بررسی توسط کلیدهای شناسایی شکل‌شناسی مقایسه با نمونه‌های از قبل تعیین نام شدۀ موزۀ حشرات هایک میرزایانس رکورد جدید جنس گونه را تایید کرد. این اولین گزارش گونۀ Arachnocephalus ves...

Effect of abscisic acid (ABA) and polyamines (PAs) [putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm)] on mitosis in root tips of A. cepa was studied. Treatment with ABA (0.1 to 100 microM) for 24 hr suppressed the mitosis, measured as mitotic index (MI), in a concentration-dependent manner with approx. 50% suppression at 10 microM of ABA. Treatment with different PAs (1 to 100 microM) had ...

Black garlic (BG) is a processed garlic product prepared by heat treatment of whole garlic bulbs (Allium sativum L.) at high temperature under high humidity for several days, resulting in black cloves with a sweet taste. BG has recently been introduced to the Korean market as a product beneficial to health. To clarify how BG changes during the 35 day aging period, the physicochemical characteri...

Antibacterial activity of A. sativum was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial isolates from Urinary Tract of Indian patients, which were confirmed for resistant against commonly used antibiotics for urinary tract infections. In present study, only five quantities (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50μg) of aqueous allicin from A. sativum cloves and leaves were used, which has antibacterial...

Benzoxazinones 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA) and 2,4-dihydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA) have been considered key compounds for understanding allelopathic phenomena in Gramineae crop plants such as corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and rye (Secale cereale L.). The degradation processes in the environment observed for these compounds, ...

During onion processing, the outer dried protective layer (outer paper layer) and first two fleshy leaf layers are removed. This coproduct material is a potential commercial source of flavonoids especially quercetin. In the following study, the flavonoid composition was determined in coproduct materials and the press cake (material generated after juice extraction) in several commercially impor...

Stem rot disease was found in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivated from 2008 to 2010 in the vegetable gardens of some farmers in Geumsan-myon, Jinju City, Gyeongnam province in Korea. The initial symptoms of the disease were typical water-soaked spots, which progressed to rotting, wilting, blighting, and eventually death. White mycelial mats had spread over the lesions near the soil line, and ...

The localisation of poly(A) RNA in plant cells containing either reticular (Allium cepa) or chromocentric (Lupinus luteus, Arabidopsis thaliana) nuclei was studied through in situ hybridisation. In both types of nuclei, the amount of poly(A) RNA was much greater in the nucleus than in the cytoplasm. In the nuclei, poly(A) RNA was present in structures resembling nuclear bodies. The molecular co...