O f the various types of gene rearrangements that have been found in living organisms, gene duplication-amplification (GDA), a process that alters gene dosage, appears to be especially common and biologically important. GDA is significant from a fundamental evolutionary perspective because it serves as a primary genetic source for genetic innovation (i.e., evolution of new genes) and also plays...

IBM’s Watson uses a variety of scoring algorithms to rank candidate answers for natural language questions. These scoring algorithms played a crucial role in Watson’s win against human champions in Jeopardy!. We show that this same technique can be implemented within a real-time strategy (RTS) game playing goal-driven autonomy (GDA) agent. Previous GDA agents in RTS games were forced to use ver...

We present a new method that we call generalized discriminant analysis (GDA) to deal with nonlinear discriminant analysis using kernel function operator. The underlying theory is close to the support vector machines (SVM) insofar as the GDA method provides a mapping of the input vectors into high-dimensional feature space. In the transformed space, linear properties make it easy to extend and g...

Anonymous communication has become a building block of network services. Besides providing anonymity, speed (and thus real-time guarantees) are becoming crucial as well. In this paper we will introduce the global delaying adversary (GDA), an active attacker who is capable of arbitrarily delaying messages, while eavesdropping on all communication channels. This type of foe is particularly releva...

Background The research that informs this study was conducted in Chapra village, Kushtia District, Bangladesh, located about 20 km east of the Indian border. Chapra is located within the Ganges Dependent Area (GDA) in Bangladesh which, in turn, is located within the Ganges–Brahmaputra Basin (GBB), one of the largest river basins in the world by area and second only to the Amazon in terms of the...

Three rare anatomical variations were found during study on hepatic arterial vascularisation in multidetector computed tomography angiography. In the first described variation the common hepatic artery (CHA) arises from the celiac trunk (CTr) and supplies right hepatic lobe. The left lobe of the liver is supplied by aberrant left hepatic artery originating as a common trunk with the left gastri...

There has been a long history of using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to understand the dynamics discrete-time algorithms (DTAs). Surprisingly, there are still two fundamental and unanswered questions: (i) it is unclear how obtain suitable ODE from given DTA, (ii) connection between convergence DTA its corresponding ODEs. In this paper, we propose new machinery—an $$O(s^r)$$ -resolution...

The hybrid use of generalized dimensional analysis – shortened to the acronym GDA – and neural networks is a powerful tool that can be employed for the solution of differential equations modeling physical processes. The GDA combines dimensional, inspectional, and also order of magnitude analysis in order to come up with the best scheme to reduce the number of variables in a problem. Its impleme...