The Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways are essential for normal development and are misregulated in cancer. The casein kinase family of serine/threonine kinases regulates both pathways at multiple levels. However, it has been difficult to determine whether individual members of this family have distinct functions in vivo, due to their overlapping substrate specificities. In Drosophila melanoga...

We have previously generated transgenic cattle with additional copies of bovine β- and κ casein genes. An initial characterisation of milk produced with a hormonally induced lactation from these transgenic cows showed an altered milk composition with elevated β-casein levels and twofold increased κ-casein content. Here we report the first in-depth characterisation of the composition of the enri...

cow's milk allergy (cma) is an immunological response to cow's milk proteins such as casein, α-lactalbumin and β lactoglobulin. the aim of this study was to determine the most common cow's milk allergenic proteins in patients with cma and identify the most effective proteins in different allergic symptoms. eighty seven patients (≤18 years) with allergy to cow’s milk from 2006 to 2013 entered th...

Our objective was to perform a genome-wide association study for content in bovine milk of α(S1)-casein (α(S1)-CN), α(S2)-casein (α(S2)-CN), β-casein (β-CN), κ-casein (κ-CN), α-lactalbumin (α-LA), β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), casein index, protein percentage, and protein yield using a 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. In total, 1,713 Dutch Holstein-Friesian cows were genotyped for 50,22...

Fifty-two Holstein cows with different phenotypes of κ-casein (κ-CN) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) were selected to provide weekly milk samples for heating at 30, 70, 75 and 80°C for 2 min. Coagulating properties of heated milk samples measured as rennet clotting time, rate of curd firming and curd firmness at cutting were determined by a Formagraph. Milk samples were analysed for fat and casein. ...

Globally type 1 diabetes incidence is increasing. It is widely accepted that the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes is influenced by environmental factors in people with specific human leukocyte antigen haplotypes. We propose that a complex interplay between dietary triggers, permissive gut factors and potentially other influencing factors underpins disease progression. We present evidence that...

Protein lactosylation is a significant modification that occurs during the heat treatment of dairy products, causing changes in proteins' physical-chemical and nutritional properties. Knowledge detailed information on milk proteins under various treatments important for selecting appropriate thermo-processing identifying markers to monitor load products. In present study, we used proteomics tec...