Fractures of the radial head have an incidence of about 1.7% to 5.4% of all adult fractures. These fractures are classified as simple or complex, depending upon whether there is an associated fracture or a ligamentous injury. Thorough clinical & radiological assessment should be done to differentiate simple fractures from complex fractures with concomitant elbow injury. The management of comple...

Fractures of the articular surface of the distal end of the humerus (i.e., of the capitellum and the trochlea) are rather uncommon injuries. Fractures of the capitellum account for 1% of all elbow fractures and about 6% of all distal humeral fractures. Fractures of the trochlea are usually encountered as part of more complex intra-articular fractures of the distal end of the humerus, disrupting...

Complex fractures provide a unique challenge to the musculoskeletal surgeon. Traditional fracture reduction techniques are not always feasible, and often difficult depending on the anatomic area involved. We describe a novel technique, called layered plating, which can ease anatomic reduction and fixation of complex fractures. The aim of this paper was to describe 3 applications for layered pla...

Complex fibular fractures as a result of either high-energy mechanisms or advanced age can be difficult to manage as significant comminution can preclude standard operative techniques. Furthermore, the maintenance of osseous reduction postoperatively throughout convalescence can present an equivalent challenge. Strict weightbearing restrictions in the elderly and the noncompliant postoperativel...

Stabilization of diaphyseal long-bone fractures using elastic stable intramedullary nails (ESIN) in children promises early mobilization and rapid resumption of full weight bearing. We evaluated the duration of postoperative functional rehabilitation after ESIN, measured by the time from stabilization until first partial weight bearing, full weight bearing, and resumption of school sports. Fift...