Nanofluids are solutions of a small fraction of suspended nanoparticles in a bulk fluid. Nanofluids have shown great promise as heat transfer fluids over typically used bulk fluids and fluids with micron sized particles. The nanoparticles do not settle in the fluid and do not cause clogging or damage to surfaces as with micron sized particles. In the current work we compare the performance of d...

Using effective medium theory the authors demonstrate that the thermal conductivity of nanofluids can be significantly enhanced by the aggregation of nanoparticles into clusters. Predictions of the effective medium theory are in excellent agreement with detailed numerical calculation on model nanofluids involving fractal clusters and show the importance of cluster morphology on thermal conducti...

Recently, there has been considerable interest in the use of nanofluids for enhancing thermal performance. It has been shown that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are capable of enhancing the thermal performance of conventional working liquids. Although much work has been devoted on the impact of CNT concentrations on the thermo-physical properties of nanofluids, the effects of preparation methods on th...

Colloidal suspensions of nano-sized particles in a base fluid, nanofluids, have recently gained popularity as cooling fluids mainly due to their enhanced heat transfer capabilities. However, there is controversy in the literature on the reported properties of nanofluids and their applicability, especially since there is no fundamental understanding that explains these enhancements. A better und...

Ionic liquid (IL)-stabilized non-spherical gold nanofluids have been synthesized by a one-step method in aqueous solution. The whole reaction proceeded in room temperature. In the presence of amino-functionalized ionic liquids, gold nanofluids with long-wave surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption (>600 nm) could be obtained by adopting tannic acid as the reductant. The specific SPR absorpti...

Abstract The transformers oil acts as an insulation well cooling liquid of a transformer. It is very important that the transformer maintained so properties are preserved with time. Petroleum-based mineral widely used in due to its excellent insulating qualities and low cost despite its’ non-biodegradable hazardous property. This paper seeks find alternative by using palm based nanofluids at lo...

This paper contains the results of a concise statistical review analysis of a large amount of publications regarding the anomalous heat transfer modes of nanofluids. The application of nanofluids as coolants is a novel practise with no established physical foundations explaining the observed anomalous heat transfer. As a consequence, traditional methods of performing a literature review may not...

As a new generation of working fluid, nanofluid has long been regarded as a hot research topic in the past three decades. Many review papers have provided comprehensive and systematic summaries on the development and state-of-the-art of nanofluids. As of today, it is becoming increasingly difficult to provide a comprehensive review of all kinds of nanofluids owing to the huge amounts of the rel...