SiO2/MgCl2 (ethoxide type)/TiCl4 Ziegler-Natta catalysts for use in ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization have been prepared using silica with a supported layer of magnesium ethoxide (Mg(OEt)2) as a catalyst precursor, followed by treating with TiCl4 at different Ti/Mg molar ratios, which showed significant effects on the active centers and pore structures of the cataly...

Four chromium based oxo-trinuclear carboxylate complexes were prepared by reacting chromium(III) nitrate nonahydrate with acetic acid and substituted carboxylic acids. They were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Chromium content of the complexes was determined by titrimetry method. The chromium(III) monochloroacetate complex, [Cr3O(ClCH2COO)6.3H2O]NO3.3H2O in combination with d...

The most commonly used cocatalyst species in Ziegler-Natta catalysts are aluminium alkyls. In this study we aim to find the interaction between aluminium centres of these activators and other components in the ZNC system. Initially we look at binary systems of Al-alkyl/MgCl2 and ternary systems of Al-alkyl/MgCl2/TiCl4, followed by donor containing systems. The aluminium alkyls prove to be very ...

Although Ziegler–Natta (ZN) catalysts play a major role in the polyolefin market, true understanding of their properties at molecular level is still missing. In particular, there lack knowledge on electronic Ti sites. Theoretical calculations predict that electron density sites precatalysts correlates with activation energy for olefin insertion Ti-alkyl bond generated these after by Al-alkyls. ...

The reliable and efficient counting of active sites in catalytic olefin polymerization has been realized by using acyl chloride as the quench-labeling agent. However, molar ratio to alkylaluminum cocatalyst must be larger than 1 order completely depress side reactions between quencher Al-polymeryl that is formed via chain transfer reaction. In this work, a tetrahydrofuran/thiophene-2-carbonyl (...

Chemical recycling of plastic waste has promise as a complementary technology to increase eco-efficiency plastics life cycles. Accumulation impurities in feed streams can affect sensitive compounds such the Ziegler–Natta catalyst systems commonly used produce polyolefins high density polyethylene (HDPE) and linear low (LLDPE). In poison study, influence impurities—more specifically NO N2O—on sy...