B lack pepper from the Piper nigrum L. vine (Figure 1) is the most commonly used spice worldwide, and its extracts have been used as a folk medicine in a variety of cultures. Piper nigrum is used for the production of both black pepper (from the unripened fruit) and white pepper (from the dehulled mature berry). In ancient Sanskrit literature, black pepper use for medicinal purposes was documen...

Bears consuming wild fruits for fall energy accumulation are constrained by several factors, including intake rate, the physiological capacity of the gastrointestinal tract, and the metabolic efficiency of gain in body mass. We measured these relationships through foraging and feeding trials using captive and wild black bears (Ursus americanus) and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos). Four fruit types...

Cytokinin activity was found in mature black olive fruits while in green fruits the activity was markedly lower. The substances with cytokinin activity showed chromatographic properties similar to those of nucleotides. Acid hydrolysis caused a shift of the active zone in the organic phase of 1-butanol-acetic acid-water (4:1:5) from R(F) 0.1 to R(F) 0.8. The possible relation of these endogenous...

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in Florida has traditionally been field-grown and harvested at a mature-green stage. However, the demand for highquality colored pepper has led producers to look at pepper grown under protected structures. Thirty-six colored pepper cultivars (red, orange, yellow, chocolate, and purple) from both Israeli and Dutch seed companies were compared during the Fal...

Turkey is one of the most significant countries in the world from the point of view of both fruit genetic resources and amount of fruit production. Around 100 fruit species, including almost all the deciduous fruit species, most of the subtropical and some tropical fruit are grown in Turkey. Among fruits, berry fruits including grapes share 25% of total fruit production of the country. The most...

Crown rot of banana fruits is caused by a complex of fungal pathogens, the most common of which is Colletotrichum musae, and is one of the main quality defects of exported bananas. Susceptibility of banana fruits to crown rot is influenced by many pre-harvest factors. The aim of this study was to improve on the methodology for the evaluation of fruit susceptibility and to verify whether cultiva...

The research to analysis the morphometric of rice fruit was carried out till April November 2021, with aim studying planted in community Pulau Rimau District, Banyuasin Regency. Sampling done by purposive on one plot each area varieties. Parameters observed this study include from 8 varieties, namely Inpari 32 HDB, Black Ketan, Cimelati, Ciasem, IR 42, Ciherang, 64 and Mapan 05. Morphometric me...

BACKGROUND The color of berry skin is an important economic trait for grape and is essentially determined by the components and content of anthocyanins. The fruit color of Chinese wild grapes is generally black, and the profile of anthocyanins in Chinese wild grapes is significantly different from that of Vitis vinifera. However, V. davidii is the only species that possesses white berry varieti...