the purpose of the present study is to find out whether bilinguals of khuzestan-arab origin or monolinguals of iranian origin code-switch during learning or speaking english and which group is more susceptible to code-switch. to this end, the students of 24 classes from high schools and pre- university centers were screened out, and interviewed and their voices and code-switchings were recorded...

toury (1978:200) believes that translation is a kind of activity which inevitably involves at least two languages and two cultural traditions. being polite while asking for something takes place differently in different cultures and languages, therefore various strategies may be applied for making requests and also translation of them in order not to disturb or threaten the face or better to sa...

the importance of writing as a complex skill in applied linguistics has drawn the attention of many researchers to evaluate textbooks in order to help learners gain self-sufficiency and autonomy in the field of language use and communication. investigations have shown that developments in textbooks evaluation can promote the quality of pedagogies and consequently the learning. this study attemp...

Despite of increasing request for greenhouse vegetables, there is quite limited information on their nutritional quality. This study was carried out to investigate nutritional status of macronutrients (Ca, Mg, P and K) and micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) in greenhouse cucumber and bell pepper in Isfahan province. After selecting 25 greenhouses, the concentration of macronutrients and micronu...

Silicon (Si) is a beneficial nutrient for growth of crops such as cucumber. It seems that Si improves antioxidant capacity of plants and reduces damages induced by environmental stresses and metal toxicity. This research aimed to investigate the interaction of Si and cadmium (Cd) on growth, dry matter yield and catalase (CAT) activity, as an antioxidant enzyme, in cucumber. This hydroponic expe...

abstract nowadaysphotovoltaic solar cells (pvs) areacknowledged the fastest growing energy technology in the word, however, they only account for only fraction of current global renewable energy capacity. it isrecognized that this incomplete market penetration has been largely a result of the technology’sexcessive cost. so researchers are trying to find innovative, economic way with theaim of ...

abstract following innovations in the field of elt, a new topic which has recently attracted a lot of attention is metaphor analysis. although this area of research is still in its infancy in elt, it seems that the idea can shed more light on the puzzle of english language learning and teaching. therefore, the major aim of this study is to analyze language learning and teaching in formal a...