This article describes and discusses factors associated to the reemergence of yellow fever and its transmission dynamics in the states of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil) and Rio Grande do Sul (Southern) during 2008 and 2009. The following factors have played a pivotal role for the reemergence of yellow fever in these areas: large susceptible human population; high prevalence of vectors and prim...

INTRODUCTION Yellow fever is a non-contagious infectious disease, highly lethal, transmitted by the Aedes, Haemagogus and Sabethes. METHODS Descriptive retrospective study of the yellow fever cases in Amazonas, between 1996 and 2009. RESULTS Forty two cases of yellow fever were confirmed, with 30 deaths, 10% of which were foreigners. CONCLUSIONS The presence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes alb...

Rift Valley fever threatens human and animal health. After a human case was confirmed in Comoros in 2007, 4 serosurveys among ruminants in Mayotte suggested that Rift Valley fever virus had been circulating at low levels since 2004, although no clinical cases occurred in animals. Entomologic and ecologic studies will help determine outbreak potential.

Since December 2016, Brazil has faced a large outbreak of yellow fever with ca 1,500 confirmed human cases. In the first 2 months of 2018, Brazil reported almost as many cases as in 2017 as a whole. In these 2 months, five imported cases were reported among unvaccinated European travellers. Three had travelled to Ilha Grande, a popular destination among European tourists. Physicians and Europea...

The yellow fever vaccine has already been used with great success to create vaccines against yellow fever’s close relatives, the RNA-based flaviviruses. Recent successes with other yellow fever– based vaccines, combined with increased interest in the basic immunology of the virus, provide new hope that this nearly century-old vaccine vector may provide the basis for protecting against not just ...

BACKGROUND Yellow fever is a vector-borne disease affecting humans and non-human primates in tropical areas of Africa and South America. While eradication is not feasible due to the wildlife reservoir, large scale vaccination activities in Africa during the 1940s to 1960s reduced yellow fever incidence for several decades. However, after a period of low vaccination coverage, yellow fever has re...

Hideyo Noguchi dissecting a rhesus monkey in Accra in 1927. J H Bauer is to his right with A F Mahaffy (in bow tie) behind him In 1986 over 5000 people died ofyellow fever in eastern historical accounts.6 To a generation constrained by Nigeria'; in 1987 there were over 400 deaths from health and safety legislation and by ethical committees yellow fever in western Nigeria and over 1500 deaths th...

• Prevention and control In today’s presentation we will cover information on what causes Rift Valley Fever. We will also talk about the history of the disease, where it is distributed, species that it affects (including humans), and signs of illness observed. Finally, we will address prevention and control measures for Rift Valley Fever virus. This will include control of mosquitoes and their ...