When animals copulate, the male organ penetrates the female. Similarly, the pollen tube of a flowering plant (the male gametophyte) penetrates the embryo sac (the female gametophyte) and then discharges its contents, which include male gametes. Details of the interaction between the pollen tube and the embryo sac are difficult to observe because of the large number of opaque ovular cells that u...

in order to investigate the response of cotton cultivars (gossypium hirsutum l.) to conventional-cropping and double-cropping systems a field experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized completely block design with three replications at gonabad agriculture and natural resources research station during growing season of 2009-2010. the treatments included of recommended planting da...

The authors describe a rare case of secondary abdominal pregnancy after in vitro fertilization pre-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Ultrasonography was applied to image ectopic gestational sac containing a yolk vesicle and located adjacent to the anterior uterine wall and left adnexa. Laparoscopy was done on the same day followed by sinistral salpingectomy due to tubal abortion indications. Intraabdom...

ObjectiveTo determine whether 4 cytoplasmic granulation patterns of human metaphase II oocytes have a predictive value for in vitro fertilization outcomes.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingAn academically affiliated private clinical infertility and research center.Patient(s)A total 2,690 consecutive fresh autologous collected from women aged 41.2 ± 5.0 years between 2017 2019.Interventi...

background: to compare the pregnancy outcomes after two embryos versus three embryos transfers (ets) in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (ivf)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) cycles. materials and methods: this retrospective study was performed on three hundred eighty seven women with primary infertility and with at least one fresh embryo in good quality in order to transfer at e...

alpha-fetoprotein producing gastric cancer accounts for less than 10% of the gastric adenocarcinomas. different histologic subtypes may exist, the least common of which is yolk sac morphology. to the best of our knowledge less than 10 cases have been reported with high alpha-fetoprotein and yolk sac components, either pure or mixed with ordinary adenocarcinoma of the stomach. during 10 years, f...

'flying dragon' is one of the citrus rootstocks that are considered to be a promised dwarfing rootstock in the world. this experiment was conducted in the astara research station for study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 4 mandarin cultivars (unshiu, clementine, page, and yunesi) budded on 'flying dragon'. this experiment was carried out with four cultivars in randomized comp...

OBJECTIVE Advanced paternal age is related to poor sperm quality; however, little is known on its effect on aneuploidy embryo rates and, more importantly, on chromosomal abnormalities like trisomy 21, 18 and 13. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of advanced paternal age on the trisomy rates of the chromosomes 21, 18 or 13 in embryos obtained from donated oocytes. METHODS ...

Ten-day rat embryos have been cultivated in vitro, with different layers of the extraembryonic membranes removed. The effects of presence or absence of each membrane on the morphology of the embryos, their histodifferentiation and their uptake of leucine into protein have been followed. Explants with all membranes left intact failed to expand fully and to undergo axial rotation of the embryo, b...

Changing climatic conditions impose a challenge both to biodiversity and food security. The effects of climate change affect different aspects of the plant or crop, such as morphological and phenological aspects, as well as yield. The effects of greenhouse conditions might be comparable in some cases to a permanent extreme disturbance in climate and weather, thus, contributing to our knowledge ...