the purpose of the present study was to investigate the use of personal and impersonal metadiscourse (md) by persian- and english-speaking writers in academic writing. for this purpose, 80 abstracts were selected (40 written by persian-speaking writers and 40 by english-speaking ones) and analyzed. these abstracts were selected from endocrinology and metabolism journals published during 2010 to...

Article Audience: People searching in the library. People doing similar research read and sometimes cite the paper. Audience: People reading abstract collections. Graduate students may be required to read the paper in survey courses. Audience: All article readers. Only a few practitioners read the whole paper. Audience: Almost all readers only read the abstract (anecdotal estimate 95%). Relativ...

Most studies within the area of genre analysis, particularly those conducted in Iran, have exclusively used text analysis. While such investigations have led to important understandings of generic features of texts, it can be argued that incorporating interview data for triangulation can lead to better understanding of generic features of texts. Along this line, this paper reports the results o...

Abstracts are usually the only part of the paper freely available via electronic search engines and are read by many more people than the rest of the paper. It is crucial, therefore, to sum up your paper in 200–300 words. Structured abstracts are now the norm for papers that report original research. These provide a format that requires authors to summarise their work systematically by disclosi...

the importance of indexing of articles in medical journals with standard descriptors s.j. ghazi-mirsaeid1, f. masoudi2 received: 02/01/2017             sent for revision: 05/01/2017              received revised manuscript: 14/01/2017         accepted: 18/01/2017 today, abstracts and keywords are one of the requirements of writing each article. keywords will be added at the end of the abstract ...

most studies within the area of genre analysis, particularly those conducted in iran, have exclusively used text analysis. while such investigations have led to important understandings of generic features of texts, it can be argued that incorporating interview data for triangulation can lead to better understanding of generic features of texts. along this line, this paper reports the results o...

Manuscripts and abstracts from biomedical journals frequently do not contain proper information for meeting required standards and serving the multiple needs of their end users. Reporting guidelines and checklists help researchers to meet those standards by providing rules or principles for specific research areas. Rheumatology research includes a broad range of heterogeneous research areas, ea...