There is a growing acknowledgement that many countries face serious social inequalities in health, identified as one of the greatest challenges to public health today. ‘‘Social inequalities in health’’ in this article are defined as systematic differences in health between different socioeconomic groups within a society. As they are socially produced, they are potentially avoidable and are wide...

The stage of sports specialization in sambo wrestling is characterized by a decrease the share general physical fitness and an increase role special exercises training process wrestler. Against background volume intensity tasks, risks forcing results may increase. motor base becomes scarce, stereotypical movements often lead to injuries. In turn, there need modernize wrestling, increasing funct...

Federal agencies are now beginning work on their fiscal year 1999 budget requests. Compounding the usual difficulties in budgeting is that all agencies must for the first time justify their requests in terms of outcomes to be achieved, using pre-approved measures. That requirement for results-oriented management is mandated by the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA). Pilot tes...

The relations between perceived support of autonomy from coaches, characteristics of personal goals, and emotional well-being from the perspective of self-determination theory was examined among 95 elite athletes (59% men; M = 21.6 yr., SD = 6.1) from Track and Field, Greco-Roman Wrestling, Taekwondo, and Power Lifting. Elite athletes were those representing their country in their sport. It was...

PURPOSE Fungal infections are one of the most common skin infections. Athletes, especially in contact sports such as wrestlers are the group at risk of fungal skin infections (FSI). The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of FSI and some effective factors in wrestlers in Tehran, Iran. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study which was conducted in 2009 and subjects...

PURPOSE Weight loss in wrestling has been found to be an interesting issue for researchers. In this regard, complications of weight loss in wrestlers before the competitions and their weight gain in course of competitions have been debated in previous studies. The objective of this study was to investigate the extent of weight gain and to estimate the percentage of body fat in participants in t...

The purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity of the Anxiety Rating Scale-2 in a field sport setting of wrestling. Participants were 91 youth-sport wrestlers competing in a state wrestling tournament (M age = 14.2, U>SD = 1.2). Fifteen minutes prior to competition, participating wrestlers completed the ARS-2 (Cox, Russell, & Robb,1998). Wrestlers' match outcome was tracked (wi...

the aim of this study was to determine motivational priorities of participationin wrestling among wrestlers (greco-roman and freestyle) in kermanshah city.the statistical population consisted of 4612 wrestlers of kermanshah city. 242wrestlers in different age groups (99 adolescents, 56 juniors and 87 seniors) wereselected as a sample with random sampling method. personal informationquestionnair...

one of the actions needed to be taken towards the growth and expansion of entrepreneurship is to provide grounds for creation of entrepreneurial culture in a community. entrepreneurial culture is a collection of values, attitudes, norms, and behaviors   which form the identities of entrepreneurs. the principal objective of this research is to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial attitude o...