Abstract A new time-delayed periodic boundary condition (PBC) has been proposed for discrete element modelling (DEM) of structures subject to moving loads such as railway track based on a box test which is normally used an testing model. The PBC approached by predicting forces acting ghost particles with the consideration different loading phases adjacent sleepers whereas normal simply gives sa...

It is well known that the regular continued fraction expansion of a quadratic irrational is symmetric about its centre; we refer to this symmetry as horizontal. However, an additional vertical symmetry is exhibited by the continued fraction expansions arising from a family of quadratics known as Schinzel sleepers. This paper provides a method for generating every Schinzel sleeper and investigat...

The chemical composition of the watery saliva of hemipteran (both homopteran and heteropteran) insects is crucial for effective feeding, because these insects rely heavily on saliva for extra-oral digestion (Cohen, 1995, 1996, 1998) or detoxification of defensive chemicals (Miles & Oertli, 1993). For phytophagous hemipterans, saliva can also be involved in plant injury. Yet, salivary compositio...

This paper describes the treatment and conservation of an Egyptian wooden coffin box dating back to ca. 1st century. The treatment procedures entailed cleaning, removal of dust and sand, securing severely damaged wooden fragments and damaged resin as well as the use of a suitable gap filler. Studies included wood and microbiological identification. TECHNICAL PAPER 1. Conservation Dept. Faculty ...

Buckle-initiation techniques, such as sleepers, are usually installed to trigger lateral buckling at pre-designated locations release the axial compressive forces induced by thermal loading. Taking nonlinear pipe–soil interaction model into account, a mathematical is proposed investigate of subsea pipelines triggered sleeper. The numerical solution validated comparing with solutions in literatu...

68 October 2007 EngineerIT This article aims to automate such intuitive human skills for future sleeper inspections. Pattern recognition has been proposed for classification and results from sensors based on the abovementioned methods were fused to generate a single output condition. Final results achieved in this work indicate an overall classification rate of around 88% compared to the human ...

As noted by Della Sala and Grafman in their Editorial, the traditional peerreview process has many drawbacks. In this comment, we would like to emphasize one particular problem of peer review, namely how reviewers handle findings that are incompatible with their own viewpoints. Speculating as to why it took several years before his ideas on the architecture of human memory were accepted by cogn...