The solar cell structure based on copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) as the absorber layer, cadmium sulfide (CdS) as a buffer layer un-doped (i) and Aluminium (Al) doped zinc oxide (ZnO) as a window layer was simulated using the one dimensional simulation program called analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures (AMPS-1D). In the simulation, the thickness of CIGS layer was varied ...

background: the adverse effects of noise are well known and noise problems due to industrialization of communities are increasing over the time. oil industries due to the process and nature of production; contain many noise sources such as compressors, turbines, and pumps, which cause excessive noise exposure. the objective of this study was to evaluate the noise characteristics of compressors ...

Network congestion in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) leads to packet drops, throughput reduction and degradation of channel quality which in turn decrease network performance. A novel cross-layer congestion control strategy for WSNs is presented. The strategy performs the bandwidth and delay estimation in MAC layer for the current link, and feedbacks them to the transport layer through the cro...

We present a systematic study of the effect of variation of the zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) layer thickness on the absorption characteristics of CIGS solar cells using a simulation program based on finite element method (FEM). We show that the absorption in the CIGS layer does not decrease monotonically with its layer thickness due to interference effects. Erg...

AlzGa1−zAs layers of various compositions were grown using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on a GaAs substrate with pattern alternating SiO2 mask/window stripes, each 100 µm wide. Microphotoluminescence maps and thickness profiles that demonstrated the distribution growth rate z in window experimentally studied. It was shown layer AlAs mole fraction increased continuously from center to ...

In current wireless LANs multiple kinds of losses occur (i.e., channel errors, collisions, interference). In this paper we examine the extent to which loss differentiation based physical layer transmission bit–rate and contention window adaptation aids in improving network performance. We show that loss differentiation can have a positive impact on performance, especially in low contention scen...

The precise timing of events in the brain has consequences for intracellular processes, synaptic plasticity, integration and network behaviour. Pyramidal neurons, the most widespread excitatory neuron of the neocortex have multiple spike initiation zones, which interact via dendritic and somatic spikes actively propagating in all directions within the dendritic tree. For these neurons, therefor...

We consider the evolution of N bosons interacting with a repulsive short range pair potential in three dimensions. The potential is scaled according to the Gross-Pitaevskii scaling, i.e. it is given by NV (N(xi−xj)). We monitor the behavior of the solution to the N -particle Schrödinger equation in a spatial window where two particles are close to each other. We prove that within this window a ...

Novel graphene-based tunable plasmonic metamaterials featuring single and multiple transparency windows are numerically studied in this paper. The designed structures consist of a graphene layer perforated with quadrupole slot structures and dolmen-like slot structures printed on a substrate. Specifically, the graphene-based quadrupole slot structure can realize a single transparency window, wh...

Abstract. In this paper, we propose Layered TCP (LTCP for short), a simple layering technique for the congestion window response of TCP to make it more scalable in highspeed networks. LTCP uses two dimensional congestion control: at the macroscopic level, the layers are added/dropped based on dynamic network conditions and at the microscopic level, the congestion window behavior is defined for ...