A number of studies have attempted to explain the cause of decadal variability in the tropical Pacific and explore its possible link to decadal variability in the midlatitude Pacific. To investigate some of the current theories of Pacific decadal variability, a linear, wind-driven model, designed to simulate only baroclinic wave dynamics, was forced with wind stress anomalies in the Pacific Oce...

The spatial distributions of large-scale fieldaligned Birkeland currents have been derived using magnetic field data obtained from the Iridium constellation of satellites from February 1999 to December 2007. From this database, we selected intervals that had at least 45% overlap in the large-scale currents between successive hours. The consistency in the current distributions is taken to indica...

We have investigated the effect of key solar wind driving parameters on solar wind-magnetosphere coupling efficiency during sheath and magnetic cloud-driven storms. The particular focus of the study was on the coupling efficiency dependence with Alfvén Mach number (MA). The efficiency has been estimated using the dawn-dusk component of the interplanetary electric field (EY ), Newell and Borovsk...

Advances in power electronics enable efficient and flexible interconnection of renewable sources, loads and electric grids. While targets concerning efficiency of power converters are within reach, recent research endeavors to predict and improve their reliability to ensure high availability, low maintenance costs, and therefore, low Levelized-Cost-of-Energy (LCOE) of renewable energy systems. ...

We propose an explanation to the appearance of a wide blue absorption wing in the He I λ10830Å P Cygni profile of the massive binary star η Car several months before periastron. We assume that the mixing regions of the two wind is accelerated by the secondary’s wind to ∼ 1800 km s, and is responsible for the absorption. We also assume that the secondary star is toward the observer at periastron...

A new direction sensing continuous-wave Doppler lidar based on an image-reject homodyne receiver has recently been demonstrated at DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark. In this contribution we analyse the signal-to-noise ratio resulting from two different data processing methods both leading to the direction sensing capability. It is found that using the auto spectrum of the complex...

North Pacific decadal oceanic and atmospheric variability is examined from a 650-yr control integration of the Community Climate System Model version 2. The dominant pattern of winter sea surface temperature (SST) variability is similar to the observed “Pacific decadal oscillation,” with maximum amplitude along the Kuroshio Extension. SST anomalies in this region exhibit significant spectral pe...

OBJECTIVES To assess the physical strains of employees in the German offshore wind industry, according to job type and phase of the wind farm (under construction or operation). DESIGN Web-based cross-sectional survey. SETTING Offshore wind farm companies operating within the German exclusive economic zone. PARTICIPANTS Male workers with regular offshore commitments and at least 28 days sp...

With the full support of the NWCC Avian Subcommittee, Robert Thresher and Holly Davis of NREL developed the strategy for making this document a reality. They also selected a writing team and a review team. Abby Arnold and Janet Stone of RESOLVE, Inc. of Washington DC facilitated this work and obtained commitments from the writing and review team members. Handbook compilation, editing and review...

[1] Eight years of TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter-derived sea height anomaly and climatological hydrographic data are used to investigate the temporal and spatial variability of the North Brazil Current (NBC) retroflection and the North Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC). The NBC retroflection exhibits a mean position of 6.6 N± 2.0 , with a strong annual signal and year-to-year variability. The annual ...