This article argues that competitive electricity markets are prone to the same cycles of boom and bust that appear in commodity markets and in a specialized industry like real estate. The article then demonstrates how boom and bust might appear in the western electricity system using computer simulation. A “business as usual” simulation shows that the west might be at the crest of a building bo...

The present paper is aimed at studying the nature of the causal relationship between stock prices and macroeconomic variables in India, if any such relationship exists. For this purpose the techniques of unit– root tests, cointegration and the Granger causality test have been applied between the NSE Index ‘Nifty’ and the macroeconomic variables, viz., Real effective economic rate (REER), Foreig...

The issue of power in distribution channels remains a topic of interest among both practitioners and researchers of marketing. This interest has, no doubt, been fueled by the growing power of retailers and the emergence of retail powerhouses such as Walmart. Power, in a distribution channels context, is often de…ned as the ability to appropriate a larger share of the total channel surplus. In a...

This paper updates a June 2002 National Health Policy Forum Issue Brief, "Average Wholesale Price for Prescription Drugs: Is There a More Appropriate Pricing Mechanism?" Since the release of that paper, Congress enacted the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) of 2003, which created a new, comprehensive outpatient prescription drug benefit and reduced Medicare's ...

This article examines shelf-space allocation and pricing decisions in the marketing channel as the results of a static game played à la Stackelberg between two manufacturers of competing brands and one retailer. The competing manufacturers act as leaders that play a simultaneous and noncooperative game. They fix their transfer prices by taking into account the shelf-space allocation and price-m...

We consider a variant of the wholesale price-only contract in a simple supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer, where the manufacturer is the Stackelberg leader and the retailer is the follower. In our model, the manufacturer decides the wholesale price first, and then the retailer chooses his order quantity before the stochastic demand is realized but postpones his pricing...

This article argues that competitive electricity markets are prone to the same cycles of boom and bust that appear in commodity markets and in a specialized industry like real estate. The article then demonstrates how boom and bust might appear in the western electricity system using computer simulation. A “business as usual” simulation shows that the west might be at the crest of a building bo...

This paper, studies the coordination of two-echelon supply chains using a credit (delayed) payment option and/or a wholesale price discount offer. We develop models for optimizing individual members’, as well as supply chain’s objectives. These models lead to the determination of the retail price and the order quantity for the buyer, as well as the production batch size, wholesale discount and/...

T coordination of supply chains by means of contracting mechanisms has been extensively explored theoretically but not tested empirically. We investigate the performance of three commonly studied supply chain contracting mechanisms: the wholesale price contract, the buyback contract, and the revenue-sharing contract. The simplified setting we consider utilizes a two-echelon supply chain in whic...

This paper develops a dynamicmodel in a one-supplier-one-retailer fresh agricultural product supply chain that experiences supply disruptions during the planning horizon.The optimal solutions in the centralized and decentralized supply chains are studied. It is found that the retailer’s optimal order quantity and the maximum total supply chain profit in the decentralized supply chain with whole...