Purpose Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy is a form of preretinal hemorrhage that develops after a valsalva maneuver, leading to rupture of the superficial retinal capillaries. Here, we report a case of valsalva retinopathy secondary to blowing a conch, the first case report of its kind. The patient blew conch, which was part of his daily ritual to pray to God as he was a Hindu priest. Observa...

Purpose With sanctions becoming an increasingly important tool in ostracising autocratic regimes from western markets, the need for effective enforcement of and anti-money laundering (AML) is increasing, global AML regime will be backbone to detecting evasion sanctions. This regime, however, has been widely criticised as ineffective. paper aims discuss issues with current sanctions/AML propose ...

T he term whistleblower comes from the phrase ‘‘blow the whistle’’, which refers to a whistle being blown by a policeman or a referee to indicate an activity that is illegal or a foul [1]. Recently, whistleblowers have disseminated valuable information to the community through new media outlets, such as WikiLeaks. In medicine, whistleblowers serve to shed light on side-effects of drugs and, occ...

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most effective, reversible and longest acting birth control method. They require no effort for compliance and avoid systemic synthetic hormones. Evidencebased effectiveness and safety studies have demonstrated IUDs rival sterilization. IUDs low cost make them the most popular method worldwide. Despite these benefits, IUDs have minimal market penetration in th...