Precipitation that falls in a watershed undergoes three hydrological processes: evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, and river runoff. Using the long-term average stream discharge of a watershed, one can estimate the long-term average evapotranspiration portion of the precipitation by using the precipitation minus the normalized river discharge. In addition, by partitioning the stream disc...

This study explores whether it is possible to reconstruct the frequency of extreme precipitation occurrence across the contiguous United States (CONUS) using the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA), a 500 year paleoclimate reconstruction of the summer (June–August) Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). We first identify regions of the country where the LBDA may reflect the occurrence of extreme...

Afforestation on reclaimed mining areas has high ecological and economic importance. However, ecosystems established on post-mining substrate can become vulnerable due to climate variability. We used tree-ring data and dendrochronological techniques to study the relationship between climate variables and annual growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing on reclaimed open cast oil shale ...

We evaluated precipitation quantity and inorganic N deposition from wetfall at the Saddle site on Niwot Ridge, an alpine location in the Colorado Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The chemical content of precipitation was collected with an Aerometrics wet-only deposition collector and precipitation amount was collected in a co-located Fergusson-type weighing gauge with a wind shield. Calculat...

This work analyses changes in the River Beça basin streamflow, an area with a typically Mediterranean climate, since the second half of the last century, evaluating trends in annual, monthly and extreme streamflow in the River Beça basin and relating them to precipitation variability and changes in land use and vegetation. Annual streamflow and precipitation are highly irregular, both in intra ...

This paper studies the inter-annual precipitation variations in different regions of East Asia from oceans to interior areas in China during 1979 - 2012. The results computed by Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) demonstrate that the annual precipitation changes are mainly related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, East Asian summer monsoon and aerosols. We also found that the increased Sea...

in this study impact of climate change on operation of gorgan rud basin's dams was evaluated. in this regard temperature and precipitation of the basin for 2011-2035 periods were downscaled using sdsm model and cgcm3-a2 outputs. results showed that annual temperature would increase 0.05°c and annual precipitation would decrease about 4percent. to predict streamflow of the gorgan rud basin ...

Precipitation patterns across Central Europe are expected to change over the 21st century due to climate change. This may reduce water availability during the plantgrowing season and hence affect the performance and vitality of forest ecosystems. We established a novel rainfall reduction experiment on nine sites in Germany to investigate drought effects on soil–forest–understory ecosystems. A r...

Climate change effects on wildfire occurrence have been attributed primarily to increases in temperatures causing earlier snowpack ablation and longer fire seasons. Variability in precipitation is also an important control on snowpack accumulation and, therefore, on timing of meltwater inputs. We evaluate the correlation of total area burned and area burned severely to snowmelt-induced streamfl...

Spatial patterns and temporal changes in atmospheric-mercury (Hg) deposition were examined in a five-state study area in the Midwestern USA where 32% of the stationary sources of anthropogenic Hg emissions in the continental USA were located. An extensive monitoring record for wet and dry Hg deposition was compiled for 2001–2016, including 4666 weekly precipitation samples at 13 sites and 27 an...