contrarian and momentum investing strategies are two techniques which are used in stock markets to enhance portfolio return. contrarian investing strategy states that stocks which had better performances in the past should be sold and stocks that had poor performances should be bought. in practice, this strategy is used for a package of stocks and for portfolio formation. the main objective of ...

One of the reasons that companies avoid paying their taxes is that they choose to use debts for their funding. In other words, tax saving, an activity of companies to avoid taxpaying, can be used to finance corporate projects. Furthermore, since institutional owners are more inclined to supervise, they may shrink managerial behaviors to avoid taxpaying. In this study, institutional owners’ supe...

the purpose of this paper is a study on the effect of cash flows on the gap between actual and optimal financial leverage ratio companies listed in tehran stock exchange. in this regard, we try to help with advanced econometric techniques such as partial adjustment model on panel data and generalized method of moments to achieve a reasonable estimate of the impacts.in this paper, were analyzed ...

theories and the existing studies predict different the relationship between external financing and investing activities and the stock returns. but almost of them predict that there is negative relationship separately between financing and investing activities with stock returns. this study examined the assumption that there is a significantly negative relationship between external financing ac...

Fundamental and technical analyses are two common methods for predicting the future behavior of the stock. Fundamental analysis focuses on the economic forces of supply and demand which cause stock prices change. On the other hand, technical analysis examines historical data relating to changes in the price and trading volume by using graphs and indicators as a primary tool to predict future pr...