This paper explores the effect of depreciations on investment when firms hold foreign currency debt. The employs a novel database stocks bonds issued by seven thousand from emerging economies in 2000–2015. results indicate that exert significant negative balance sheets. A depreciation 10 percent is associated with ratio capital expenditures to assets between 0.3 and 0.6 percentage points less f...

In this paper, we prove that when a n-D cubical set is continuously well-composed (CWC), is, the boundary of its continuous analog topological $$(n-1)$$ -manifold, then it digitally (DWC), which means does not contain any critical configuration. We result thanks to local homology. This paper sequel previous where proved DWCness imply CWCness in 4D.