OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of a counselling intervention on excessive weight gain during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention. DESIGN The New Life(style) study was a randomised trial with a control group (n = 113) and an intervention group (n = 106). SETTING Midwife practices in the Netherlands. POPULATION Women with a healthy pregnancy, expecting their first baby. METHODS ...

Few studies have focused on the impact of weight maintenance on cardiovascular disease risk factors or addressed whether changes differ by baseline weight status and medication usage. The authors examined these issues using 9 years of follow-up data on 3,235 men and women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study who were aged 45–64 years at baseline (1987–1989). In participants...

BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for colon cancer, but risks may differ between genders and colon subsites. Moreover, whether weight change influences risk is not yet clarified. We investigated these issues in a large, Norwegian, population-based cohort study. METHODS Participants' weight was measured at examinations up to three times between 1974 and 1988. Hazar...

OBJECTIVE The prevalence of obesity is increasing in many European countries and in the United States. This report examines the mortality and morbidity associated with being overweight and obese in the Caerphilly Prospective Study and the relative effects of weight in middle age and self reported weight at 18 years. DESIGN All men aged 45 to 59 years from the town of Caerphilly, South Wales a...

To examine how long-term patterns of weight change affect the risk for diabetes, especially non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the authors examined the relation of weight change over a period of about 10 years (from the baseline examination in 1971-1975 until the first follow-up examination in 1982-1984) to the 9-year incidence of diabetes mellitus (1984-1992) in a national cohort of 8,54...

Results: The real price (inflated to 2006 US dollars) of soda and pizza decreased over time; the price of whole milk increased. A 10% increase in the price of soda or pizza was associated with a −7.12% (95% confidence interval [CI], −63.50 to −10.71) or −11.5% (95% CI, −17.50 to −5.50) change in energy from these foods, respectively. A $1.00 increase in soda price was also associated with lower...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the first phase of a specialist weight management programme provided entirely within the UK National Health Service. DESIGN Prospective cohort study using multiple logistic regression analysis to report odds of ≥5 kg weight loss in all referrals and completers, and odds of completion, with 95 % confidence intervals. Anxiety and depression 'caseness' were measured by the ...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to quantify the effect of body mass index (BMI) on early clinical outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). BACKGROUND Obesity is considered a risk factor for postoperative morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery, although existing evidence is contradictory. METHODS A concurrent cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing CABG from Apr...

Diet and exercise are two of the commonest strategies to reduce weight. Whether a diet-plus-exercise intervention is more effective for weight loss than a diet-only intervention in the long-term has not been conclusively established. The objective of this study was to systemically review the effect of diet-plus-exercise interventions vs. diet-only interventions on both long-term and short-term ...

BACKGROUND Sleep related breathing disorders (SRBD) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality and weight loss is recommended to overweight or obese patients with SRBD. However, maintenance of weight loss is difficult to achieve and strategies for weight loss maintenance is needed. Orlistat is a pharmacological agent that reduces the intestinal absorption of fat and may favour long-t...