The development of activities and the potential Kuala Tungkal City Market Area which has visual physical contact oriented towards waters is basic issue starting point in making plans with an area approach a waterfront concept. Activities developed are inseparable from potentials area. This will also influence motivation for concept generates ideas utilization spatial functions. aim other functi...

ports are the most important economic, political and military bottlenecks. this puts shoreline structures (port) in the class of important structures and they have a crucial role in the countries’ life. pile and deck wharf and their access bridges and offshore deck (jetties), are one of the parts which are supplier of coupling between the land and the waterfront. correct and exact estimation of...

Urban waterfronts have undergone a long process of evolution, and their functions, designs primary uses naturally developed along entire length within cities. Unique character areas emerged alongside rivers. They serve as key elements in building the city–river relationship, represent valuable spaces with various identities that complement each other while contributing to overall identity city....

Shoreline hardening is a major driver of biodiversity and habitat loss in coastal ecosystems yet remains common approach to management globally. Using surveys waterfront residents North Carolina, USA, we sought identify factors influencing individual shore-protection decisions ultimately impacting ecosystems, particularly wetlands. We found that neighboring shore condition was the best predicto...

The source, characteristics and transport of viable microbial aerosols in urban centers are topics of significant environmental and public health concern. Recent studies have identified adjacent waterways, and especially polluted waterways, as an important source of microbial aerosols to urban air. The size of these aerosols influences how far they travel, their resistance to environmental stre...