This paper (SPE 113936) was accepted for presentation at the SPE/DOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, 20–23 April 2008, and revised for publication. Original manuscript received for review 20 February 2008. Revised manuscript received for review 23 March 2009. Paper peer approved 8 September 2009. Summary Design of an alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) process requires knowledge of the...

in this study we analyze the effects of environmental performance on the generation of firm value from dow jones sustainability index europe. we use a sample of 122 firms from different sectors, except financial one, which belong to this index for the years 2007 through 2009. the expected results, taking into account our hypotheses, should show a positive relationship between the generation of ...

The presence of principal ions in the water injected is essential for enhanced oil recovery by formation water-wet state carbonates. This study reaffirms this and presents an evaluation positive influence both divalent as wells monovalent on wettability alteration mechanisms during low salinity waterflooding using brines varying ionic composition, referred to “smart brines”. Zeta potentiometric...

Abstract Higher oil recovery after waterflood in carbonate reservoirs is attributed to increasing water wettability of the rock that turn relies on complicated surface chemistry. In addition, calcite mineral reacts with aqueous solutions and can alter substantially composition injected by dissolution. Carefully designed chemical and/or brine flood compositions laboratory may not remain intact w...

in today’s competitive world employees with engagement can interact with their job and have desirable job performance. since improvement of employees’ job performance is the key of efficiency in all levels of organization, investigation of variables leading to the improvement of job performance is of great importance. thus the purpose of the present research is to analyze the effect of employee...

The idea of injecting low salinity water into a petroleum reservoir is not novel and was often used in the 70’s prior to the injection of surfactant. Yet, recently it was shown that simply injecting sufficiently low salinity water improves oil recovery (LoSalTM). Many possible mechanisms concerning Low salinity waterflood have been proposed in the literature. This paper describes an experimenta...

Sandstone formations are ubiquitous in both aquifers and petroleum reservoirs, of which clay is a major constituent. The release of clay particles from pore surfaces as a result of reduced injection fluid salinity can greatly modify the recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface formations by shifting the wettability properties of the rock. In this paper we demonstrate a microfluidic approach whe...