Fast reduction of blood water volume due to ultra-filtration via hemodialysis machine and critical threshold of blood water volume can result in clinical complications such as hypotension. When blood water volume reduces during hemodialysis process, the concentration of blood forming elements will increase. One of the methods for the monitoring of the concentration changes is ultrasonic speed m...

Here u = u(x, y, t) is a scalar function, x and y are respectively the longitudinal and transverse spatial coordinates, subscripts x, y, t denote partial derivatives, and σ2 = ±1. The case σ = 1 is known as the KPII equation, and models, for instance, water waves with small surface tension. The case σ = i is known as the KPI equation, and may be used to model waves in thin films with high surfa...

The Cauchy problem for the scalar wave equation in the Kerr geometry is considered, with initial data which is smooth and compactly supported outside the event horizon. A time-independent energy estimate for the outgoing wave is obtained. As an application we estimate the outgoing energy for wave-packet initial data, uniformly as the support of the initial data is shifted to infinity. The main ...

It is challenging to realise the perfect manipulation of water waves within a broad range of frequencies. By extending conformal transformation principles to water waves, their propagation can be controlled via gradually varying water depths, permitting the realisation of a desired refractive index profile for linear water surface waves. Wave bending, directional wave emission and wave focusing...

In this letter, the performance is compared for slowfrequency-hop and direct-sequence spread-spectrum packet communication systems of similar complexity with doubly selective fading channels characterized by several different multipath delay profiles and Doppler spreads. The delay profiles are chosen to reflect experimental measurements of mobile-radio channels, and the Doppler spreads are chos...

We present a general analysis of the effective potential for neutrino propagation in matter, assuming a generic set of Lorentz invariant non-derivative interactions. We find that in addition to the known vector and axial vector terms, in a polarized medium also tensor interactions can play an important role. We compute the effective potential arising from a tensor interaction. We show that the ...

The mechanics of dispersion transverse to the direction of fluid flow was studied faoth analytically and experimentally. A discussion of the overall mechanism is presented and the analytical expressions obtained are compared with experimental data. Correlation between experimental and theoretical results for the spread of a tracer is fair. However, from the data available an initial approximati...