The vulnerability of water bodies to contamination within the neighbourhood of open mine cast environ cannot be overemphasized. Evidence of radioactive trace elements associated with the target minerals in the Plateau State (Nigeria) showed the extent of this vulnerability. In order to address this challenge, the radioactivity levels of water samples from mine ponds, streams, wells, and borehol...

background: geothermal waters could be suitable niches for thermophilic free living amoebae includ­ing naegleria and hartmannella . ardebil province, northwest iran is popular for having many hot springs for recreational and health purposes activity. the present research is the first molecular based investigation regarding the presence of naegleria and hartmannella in the hot springs of ardebil...

Key Message Although the Asia-Pacific region as a whole is an early achiever of the MDG target for safe drinking water, it may not reach the target for sanitation by 2015. Population growth, rapid urbanization and climate change threaten progress towards these targets even in urban areas. Achieving the MDG targets for the water supply and sanitation sector (WSS) in the Asia-Pacific region will ...

abstract in present study, it has been studied to oprimize culture pattern in water consumption reduction and increase in income by use of collected data from kazeroon agriculture organization and forign commercial statistical annals and use of linear planning model due to simplicity and lts application, and to apply in water resources management. the purpose of this study had been to edit one ...

[18F]Fluoride for nucleophilic radiofluorination was recovered from target water by trapping on a fibrous anion exchange resin in the hydroxide form and subsequent displacement into wet methanolic K2CO3. Extraction into methanol facilitated rapid evaporation and resolubilization of the [18F]fluoride as an ion pair. The resin was first dried in situ and rehydrated with [18O]H2O to avoid isotopic...

In the synthesis of 18F-FDG by the nucleophilic substitution method, 18O-H2O is usually used as target water. The target water should be recovered after synthesis and reused, because it is expensive, but recovered water contains impurities such as organic substances, and it must be purified before reuse. For this reason Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. developed an O-18 water purifier for elimin...

We describe a model for underwater illumination that is based on how light is absorbed and scattered by water, phytoplankton and other organic and inorganic matter in the water. To test the model, we built a color rig using a commercial point-and-shoot camera in an underwater housing and a calibrated color target. We used the measured spectral reflectance of the calibration color target and the...

A variety of experiments were carried out in an attempt to improve stereoacuity for Navy divers working under water by providing additional peripheral visual stimulation. Acuity is most improved when the peripheral stimuli are at the same distance from the observer as the target. As the peripheral stimuli are moved closer to the observer than the target, their beneficial effects are decreased a...

OBJECTIVE To determine how data on water source quality affect assessments of progress towards the 2015 Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target on access to safe drinking-water. METHODS Data from five countries on whether drinking-water sources complied with World Health Organization water quality guidelines on contamination with thermotolerant coliform bacteria, arsenic, fluoride and nitrat...