Biochar is extensively used for ameliorating soil structure. However, the evaluation of physical properties influenced by its large-scale use still unclear. Moreover, research on biochar mainly based laboratory tests, lacking medium and long-term field positioning tests. In this study, a local trial was conducted 3 years Loess Plateau in central Gansu, China. Six levels treatment were set with ...

Bivalves process large volumes of water, leading to their accumulation of bacteria, including potential human pathogens (e.g., vibrios). These bacteria are captured at low efficiencies when freely suspended in the water column, but they also attach to marine aggregates, which are captured with near 100% efficiency. For this reason, and because they are often enriched with heterotrophic bacteria...

Gelfond and Zhang recently proposed a new stable model semantics based on Vicious Circle Principle in order to improve the interpretation of logic programs with aggregates. A detailed complexity analysis of coherence testing and cautious reasoning under the new semantics highlighted similarities and differences versus mainstream stable model semantics for aggregates, which eventually led to the...

We investigate the semantics of aggregates (count, sum, : : :) in logic programs with function symbols and negation. In particular we address the meaning of programs with recursion through aggregation. We extend the two most successful semantic approaches to the problem of recursion through negation, well founded models and stable models, to programs with aggregates. We examine previously deene...