Tropical Storm Jeanne struck Haiti in September 2004, causing widespread flooding which contaminated water sources, displaced thousands of families and killed approximately 2,800 people. Local leaders distributed PūR, a flocculent-disinfectant product for household water treatment, to affected populations. We evaluated knowledge, attitudes, practices, and drinking water quality among a sample o...

conclusions thirty-three bacterial strains; 10 strains of e. coli, 10 strains of s. flexneri, 3 strains s. sonnei, 2 strains of s. serovar newport, and 7 strains of p. aeruginosa, were isolated and identified from nile water and ground water in sohag governorate. the prevalence of enteric bacteria in water sources in studying area was considerable. no clear or distinct correlation could be conc...

support their peri-urban futures by providing irrigation water for food production. Over 1.1 million ha of land could be irrigated if the city waters are rendered safe for use. While the practice of periurban agriculture using city water is not a new phenomenon in India, its full potential has not been fully explored, due to poor/marginal quality and lack of adequate institutional arrangements ...

silicon and aluminum sources are most important reactants in the synthesis of zeolite. the use of the silicon source has an important effect on the crystallization of zeolites. also, it can change the properties of the end product. this work reports the influence of three common commercial silica sources such as colloidal silica (ludox am-30), fumed silica and water glass on the crystallinity o...

A mathematical programming problem is formulated for a water network with new water sources included. Salinity and water hardness are considered in the model, which is later solved using the Max-Min Ant System (MMAS) to assess the impact of new water sources on the total cost of the existing network. It is efficient to include new water sources if the distances to them are short or if there is ...

Water quality complaints related to particulate matter and discolored water can be troublesome for water utilities in terms of follow-up investigations and implementation of appropriate actions because particulate matter can enter from a variety of sources; moreover, physicochemical processes can affect the water quality during the purification and transportation processes. The origin of partic...

Excess lead in drinking water is a neglected source of lead toxicity in Pakistan. A cross-sectional survey in 2007/08 was made of water samples from drinking water sources in Karachi, a large industrial city. This study aimed to compare lead levels between untreated ground water and treated surface (tap) water in 18 different districts. Of 216 ground and surface water samples collected, 86% had...

Exposures to contaminated water can lead to waterborne disease outbreaks associated with various sources, including many that are classified and reported separately as drinking water or recreational water. Waterborne disease outbreaks can also involve a variety of other exposures (e.g., consuming water directly from backcountry or wilderness streams, or inhaling aerosols from cooling towers and...