In a world where resources are scarce and urban areas consume the vast majority of these resources, it is vital to make cities greener and more sustainable. A smart city is a city in which information and communications technology are merged with traditional infrastructures, coordinated and integrated using new digital technologies. The increasing amount of waste generated, and the collection a...

Three alternative condensing mode power and combined heat and power (CHP) waste-to-energy concepts were compared in terms of their impacts on the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a heat and power generation system. The concepts included (i) grate, (ii) bubbling fluidised bed (BFB) and (iii) circulating fluidised bed (CFB) combustion of waste. The BFB and CFB take advantage of advanced combus...

Anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gas emissions are known to contribute to global increases in greenhouse gas concentrations and are widely believed to contribute to climate change. A reference carbon dioxide concentration of 383 ppm for 2007 is projected to increase to a nominal 500 ppm in less than 50 years according to business as usual models. This concentration change is equivalent to an...

introduction as reported by sabetghadam (2005), 53.4, 36.3, 1.1, 8.9, and 0.2% of total energy consumption in iran consisted of oil products, natural gas, coal, electricity energy, and modern energy sources, respectively. the modern energies included solar, biomass, wind and nuclear. the energy mix has been evolving towards clean energies. from 1966–2005, the contribution of natural gas increas...

Coffee Cut-Stems (CCS) are an abundant wood waste in Colombia obtained generally from crops renovation. However these residues are used directly in combustion processes for heating and cooking in coffee farms where their energy efficiency is very low. In the present work, an energy and environmental assessments for two energy production processes (ethanol fermentation and gasification) using CC...

Many rapidly developing regions have begun to draw the attention of the world. Meanwhile, the energy and environmental issues associated with rapid economic growth have aroused widespread critical concern. Therefore, studying energy, economic, and environmental systems is of great importance. This study establishes a system dynamic model that covers multiple aspects of those systems, such as en...

When local governments evaluate the environmental benefits and costs of alternatives for managing non-recyclable municipal solid waste, the relative costs of modern waste-to-energy (WTE) technology can be a significant stumbling block despite WTE technology’s environmental benefits. Although the preceding point is an important economic reality that has constrained WTE development in the United ...