S ources of biohazardous waste include not only large hospitals and laboratories, but also physicians’ offices, dental offices, clinics, research facilities, surgery centers, veterinary offices, funeral homes, and a growing number of settings where home health care is delivered. State and local municipality definitions and regulations on biohazardous waste vary widely. Most regulations exempt h...

Hazardous waste management incorporates collection, separation, treatment, recycling and disposal of hazardous wastes. In this paper, a new multi-objective mixed integer model is presented for hazardous waste collection problem. The model aims to minimize transportation and construction costs, and environmental and population risks in hazardous waste management systems. This model is applied in...

Since the world's first disposal of radioactive waste in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, in 1944, considerable experience has been acquired in the field. The first disposal site — intended for "actively contaminated broken glassware or materials not sufficiently clean to be used in other work" — was a simple trench filled with unconditioned waste located on the Oak Ridge site. Similar approaches were ado...

context:  medical waste(mw) is all waste materials generated at health care facilities. mw mw naturally is hazardous for environment and subsequently for human.waste minimization (wm) is the latest alternative for risk reduction. all hospital staff generally and nurses specially can play an active role through education and the implementation of measures to reduce medical wastage and their envi...

In the spring of 1980, a horizontal shredder, complete with an infeed and outfeed system as represented in Fig. 1, was placed in service at the Kodak Park solid waste disposal facility in Rochester, New York. This shredder has become the primary shredder for preparing solid waste for incineration in a suspension-fiied boiler. The ver­ tical shredder, which has been in service since 1970, was th...

firehouse, technical assistance could be solicited. For example, the county supervisor of the Farmers Home Administration might be called in to discuss that agency's requirements regarding financing for public water and waste disposal facilities. Farmers Home is authorized to provide financial assistance to rural "associations" for the purpose of installing community domestic water and waste sy...

Waste water treatment facilities clean sewage water from households and industry in several cleaning steps. Such facilities are dimensioned to accommodate a maximum intake. However, in the case of very bad weather conditions or failures of system components the system might not suffice to accommodate all waste water. This paper models a real waste water treatment facility, situated in the city ...

Up to 2002, Hellenic Solid Waste Management (SWM) policy specified that each of the country’s 54 prefectural governments plan its own SWM system. After 2002, this authority was shifted to the country’s 13 regions entirely. In this paper, we compare and contrast regional and prefectural SWM planning in Central Macedonia. To design the prefectural plan, we assume that each prefecture must be self...

BACKGROUND The 14 countries that are scaling up voluntary male medical circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention are also considering early infant male circumcision (EIMC) to ensure longer-term reductions in HIV incidence. The cost of implementing EIMC is an important factor in scale-up decisions. We conducted a comparative cost analysis of EIMC performed by nurse-midwives and doctors using the Ac...